ResearchBenchmarksDynamics Prediction on Duffing oscillator noise level σ=0.005Follow1.25MSE (Acceleration)S³NODE1.0642.31953.5754.8305Jun 23, 2025Evaluation ResultsMethodMethodLinksMSE (Acceleration)MSE (Displacement)MSE (Velocity)S³NODENoise level=0.005Noise level=0.0052025.061.251.465.09ARXNoise level=0.005Noise level=0.0052025.061.7412.493.81NARXNoise level=0.005Noise level=0.0052025.061.8217.626.38SONODENoise level=0.005Noise level=0.0052025.062.197.926.89NumericalNoise level=0.005Noise level=0.0052025.064.934.481.53SKANODENoise level=0.005Noise level=0.0052025.065.92.91.4