ResearchBenchmarksUAV State Estimation on ForwardUAV State Estimation on ForwardFollow0.15Mean Translation Error (m)MAS-LO0.14960.15230.1550.1577Jun 18, 2026Evaluation resultsMethodMethodLinksMean Translation Error (m)Std. Dev. Translation Error (m)Mean Rotation Error (rad)Std. Dev. Rotation Error (rad)Mean Linear Velocity Error (m/s)Std. Dev. Linear Velocity Error (m/s)MAS-LO2026.060.150.070.170.050.260.29LIO-SAM2026.060.160.080.140.020.560.4