ResearchBenchmarksDistributed black-box consensus optimization on F2Distributed black-box consensus optimization on F2Follow75,700Mean ValueLAC-MAS-5,721,27233,408,28972,537,850111,667,411May 1, 2026Evaluation resultsMethodMethodLinksMean ValueMedian ValueStandard DeviationP-ValueLAC-MAS2026.0575,70075,8005,560—MASOIE2026.0579,60079,3009,6100.421GFPDO2026.0515,700,00014,600,0007,220,0000.0002DAPSO2026.0570,200,00069,400,0008,220,0000RGF2026.05145,000,000145,000,00000