ResearchBenchmarksPipe Layout Optimization on Pipe Layout AveragePipe Layout Optimization on Pipe Layout AverageFollow767.22Physical Length (mm)SLPR765.4904777.1652788.84800.5148May 20, 2026Evaluation resultsMethodMethodLinksPhysical Length (mm)Constraint Feasibility Indicator (Violations)Minimum Volume Ratio (%)SLPR2026.05767.22059.1m-SLPR2026.05792.82131FPRO2026.05810.4600