ResearchBenchmarksMulti-Objective Optimization on Road Network Strengthening under Seasonal Disruptions 500m radiusFollow10Generational Distance (GD)XOR-SMOO9.59.751010.25Apr 1, 2026Evaluation ResultsMethodMethodLinksGenerational Distance (GD)Inverted Generational Distance (IGD)Hypervolume (HV)Spread (SP)XOR-SMOORadius=500mRadius=500m2026.04100.0090.7960.024NSGA2Radius=500mRadius=500m2026.04100.1420.7720.078AGE-MOEARadius=500mRadius=500m2026.04100.0990.7870.155C-TAEARadius=500mRadius=500m2026.04100.0510.7730.121RVEARadius=500mRadius=500m2026.04100.1770.7330.027SMS-EMOARadius=500mRadius=500m2026.04100.1710.7160.077