ResearchBenchmarksLife Time Value Prediction on Baidu Ads 180-day horizonLife Time Value Prediction on Baidu Ads 180-day horizonFollow2.1697NRMSEHT-GNN2.128922.4041852.679452.954715Jan 19, 2026Evaluation resultsMethodMethodLinksNRMSENMAEGINIAUCHT-GNN2026.012.16970.75510.68430.8228MDME2026.012.65280.84920.72920.7488HST-GT2026.012.88860.89330.72640.7102expLTV2026.012.90790.93440.74910.7572ZILN2026.012.99890.99960.68940.7018XGBoost2026.013.18921.09880.73630.7567