ResearchBenchmarksHybrid Modeling (Parameter Estimation and Prediction) on LIGHT TUNNEL (test)Hybrid Modeling (Parameter Estimation and Prediction) on LIGHT TUNNEL (test)Follow0.98Theta Cosine Similaritysam0.75120.81060.870.9294Feb 6, 2026Evaluation resultsMethodMethodLinksTheta Cosine SimilarityY ErrorsamOptimizer=Standard SAMOptimizer=Standard SAM2026.020.985.03asamOptimizer=Adaptive SAMOptimizer=Adaptive SAM2026.020.988.22fsamOptimizer=Fisher SAMOptimizer=Fisher SAM2026.020.984.61fregRegularization=FunctionalRegularization=Functional2026.020.964.21l2regRegularization=L2Regularization=L22026.020.874.29ermRegularization=NoneRegularization=None2026.020.764.16