ResearchBenchmarksGlobal Optimal Position Tracking on Environment Group E3Follow4.786Tracking ErrorDNNPSO4.181288.2631412.34516.42686Apr 15, 2026Evaluation ResultsMethodMethodLinksTracking ErrorDNNPSO|p|=5, n=-|p|=5, n=-2026.044.786CNNPSO|p|=5, n=-|p|=5, n=-2026.045.35SPSO|p|=165, n=5|p|=165, n=52026.046.442SPSO|p|=165, n=33|p|=165, n=332026.046.492PSO|p|=165, n=-|p|=165, n=-2026.048.356PSO|p|=5, n=-|p|=5, n=-2026.048.526PSPSO|p|=165, n=5|p|=165, n=52026.0418.085PSPSO|p|=165, n=33|p|=165, n=332026.0419.904