Class-incremental learning on ImageNet-R 10-task
82.06FAAJoint-Train.
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Joint-Train.Backbone=ViT-Base, Pre-trained=ImageNet-1K2024.10 | 82.06 | — | — | — | — | |
| Joint-Train2025.09 | 82.06 | — | — | — | — | |
| SEMABackbone=ViT-B/16-IN21K2024.03 | 81.39 | 74.82 | — | — | — | |
| InfLORABackbone=ViT-B/16-IN21K2024.03 | 81.38 | 74.72 | — | — | — | |
| SMoPELocation=[1 2 3 4 5 6], N=1, Np=252025.09 | 79.32 | 84.39 | — | — | — | |
| CODA-PBackbone=ViT-B/16-IN21K2024.03 | 79.15 | 73.05 | — | — | — | |
| VQ-PromptBackbone=ViT-Base, Pre-trained=ImageNet-1K2024.10 | 78.71 | 83.24 | — | — | — | |
| VQ-PromptLocation=[1 2 3 4 5], N=10, Np=82025.09 | 78.71 | 83.24 | — | — | — | |
| SEMABackbone=ViT-B/16-IN1K2024.03 | 78 | 83.56 | — | — | — | |
| RanPACAlgorithm=12023.07 | 77.9 | — | 20 | — | — | |
| EvoPromptPub.=AAAI24, Backbone=ViT-Base, Pre-trained=ImageNet-1K2024.10 | 76.83 | 82.09 | — | — | — | |
| HiDe-Prompt*Pub.=NeurIPS23, Backbone=ViT-Base, Pre-trained=ImageNet-1K, note=results obtained by running the official code2024.10 | 76.74 | 78.76 | — | — | — | |
| ADAMBackbone=ViT-B/16-IN21K2024.03 | 76.71 | 69.18 | — | — | — | |
| CODA-Prompt2023.07 | 75.5 | — | — | — | — | |
| CODA-PPub.=CVPR23, Backbone=ViT-Base, Pre-trained=ImageNet-1K2024.10 | 75.45 | 81.59 | — | — | — | |
| CODA-PromptLocation=[1 2 3 4 5], N=100, Np=82025.09 | 75.45 | 81.59 | — | — | — | |
| InfLoRABackbone=ViT-B/16-IN1K2024.03 | 75.32 | 81.39 | — | — | — | |
| CODA-PBackbone=ViT-B/16-IN1K2024.03 | 75.25 | 81.11 | — | — | — | |
| OVORLocation=[1 2 3] [4 5], G: N=1, G: Np=5, E: N=1, E: Np=202025.09 | 75.25 | 79.78 | — | — | — | |
| L2PBackbone=ViT-B/16-IN21K2024.03 | 74.55 | 69.75 | — | — | — | |
| NoRGaLocation=[1 2 3 4 5], N=10, Np=402025.09 | 74.39 | 79.68 | — | — | — | |
| HiDe-PromptLocation=[1 2 3 4 5], N=10, Np=402025.09 | 74.25 | 79.64 | — | — | — | |
| RanPAC (No RPs)RP layer=false2023.07 | 73.9 | — | — | — | — | |
| ADAMBackbone=ViT-B/16-IN1K2024.03 | 73.15 | 79.11 | — | — | — | |
| DualPromptBackbone=ViT-B/16-IN21K2024.03 | 73.1 | 67.18 | — | — | — | |
| L2P2023.07 | 72.4 | — | — | — | — | |
| ADaM2023.07 | 72.3 | — | — | — | — | |
| Joint linear probeJoint training=true2023.07 | 72 | — | — | — | — | |
| RanPAC (No Phase 1)Phase 1=false2023.07 | 71.8 | — | — | — | — | |
| VQ-PromptPre-training Paradigm=iBOT-1K [68]2024.10 | 71.68 | 76.66 | — | — | — | |
| Deep L2P++Pub.=CVPR22, Backbone=ViT-Base, Pre-trained=ImageNet-1K2024.10 | 71.66 | 79.63 | — | — | — | |
| Deep L2P++Location=[1 2 3 4 5], N=30, Np=202025.09 | 71.66 | 79.63 | — | — | — | |
| HiDe-PromptPre-training Paradigm=iBOT-1K [68], Pub.=NeurIPS232024.10 | 71.33 | 73.62 | — | — | — | |
| DualPromptPub.=ECCV22, Backbone=ViT-Base, Pre-trained=ImageNet-1K2024.10 | 71.32 | 78.94 | — | — | — | |
| DualPromptLocation=[1 2] [3 4 5], G: N=1, G: Np=5, E: N=10, E: Np=202025.09 | 71.32 | 78.94 | — | — | — | |
| DualPrompt2023.07 | 71 | — | — | — | — | |
| RanPAC (NCM with Phase 1)Evaluation=NCM, Phase 1=true2023.07 | 70.1 | — | 15 | — | — | |
| L2P++Pub.=CVPR22, Backbone=ViT-Base, Pre-trained=ImageNet-1K2024.10 | 69.29 | 78.3 | — | — | — | |
| L2P++Location=[1], N=30, Np=202025.09 | 69.29 | 78.3 | — | — | — | |
| VQ-PromptPre-training Paradigm=DINO-1K [5]2024.10 | 68.42 | 74.43 | — | — | — | |
| HiDe-PromptPre-training Paradigm=DINO-1K [5], Pub.=NeurIPS232024.10 | 68.11 | 71.7 | — | — | — | |
| RanPAC (No RPs or Phase 1)RP layer=false, Phase 1=false2023.07 | 67.6 | — | — | — | — | |
| DualPromptBackbone=ViT-B/16-IN1K2024.03 | 66.75 | 72.83 | — | — | — | |
| CODA-PromptPre-training Paradigm=iBOT-1K [68], Pub.=CVPR232024.10 | 66.56 | 73.14 | — | — | — | |
| CODA-PromptPre-training Paradigm=DINO-1K [5], Pub.=CVPR232024.10 | 63.15 | 69.73 | — | — | — | |
| L2PBackbone=ViT-B/16-IN1K2024.03 | 62.72 | 66.97 | — | — | — | |
| DualPromptPre-training Paradigm=iBOT-1K [68], Pub.=ECCV222024.10 | 61.51 | 67.11 | — | — | — | |
| SimpleCILBackbone=ViT-B/16-IN1K2024.03 | 61.35 | 67.09 | — | — | — | |
| RanPAC (NCM only)Evaluation=NCM, Phase 1=false2023.07 | 61.2 | — | 13 | — | — | |
| SimpleCILBackbone=ViT-B/16-IN21K2024.03 | 61.12 | 54.33 | — | — | — | |
| DualPromptPre-training Paradigm=DINO-1K [5], Pub.=ECCV222024.10 | 58.57 | 64.89 | — | — | — | |
| FT++Backbone=ViT-Base, Pre-trained=ImageNet-1K2024.10 | 48.93 | 66.79 | — | — | — | |
| FT AdapterBackbone=ViT-B/16-IN1K2024.03 | 30.93 | 45.31 | — | — | — | |
| FTBackbone=ViT-Base, Pre-trained=ImageNet-1K2024.10 | 10.12 | 35.23 | — | — | — | |
| APER + AdapterBackbone=ViT-B/16-IN1K2026.05 | — | — | — | 72.7 | 79.17 | |
| APER + SSFBackbone=ViT-B/16-IN1K2026.05 | — | — | — | 72.25 | 78.93 | |
| Aper-AdapterPublication=IJCV’24, Replay=false, Backbone=CLIP-ViT-B/162026.03 | — | — | — | 71.4 | 78.7 | |
| AttriCLIPMemory=false2025.12 | — | 81.36 | — | 72.71 | — | |
| CLAPPublication=NeurIPS’24, Replay=true, Backbone=CLIP-ViT-B/162026.03 | — | — | — | 80 | 85.8 | |
| CODA PromptPublication=CVPR’23, Replay=false, Backbone=CLIP-ViT-B/162026.03 | — | — | — | 67.5 | 78 | |
| CODA-PromptMemory=false2025.12 | — | 77.67 | — | 65.54 | — | |
| CODA-PromptBackbone=ViT-B/16-IN1K2026.05 | — | — | — | 73.4 | 78.48 | |
| Continual-CLIPReplay=false, Backbone=CLIP-ViT-B/162026.03 | — | — | — | — | 66.7 | |
| DesCLIPPublication=TMM’26, Replay=false, Backbone=CLIP-ViT-B/162026.03 | — | — | — | 78.7 | 85.1 | |
| DMNSPPublication=ICCV’25, Replay=false, Backbone=CLIP-ViT-B/162026.03 | — | — | — | 76.2 | 82.7 | |
| DualPromptMemory=false2025.12 | — | 82.08 | — | 73.76 | — | |
| DualPromptPublication=ECCV’22, Replay=false, Backbone=CLIP-ViT-B/162026.03 | — | — | — | 75.8 | 82 | |
| DualPromptBackbone=ViT-B/16-IN1K2026.05 | — | — | — | 66.75 | 72.83 | |
| EASEMemory=false2025.12 | — | 83.71 | — | 75.38 | — | |
| ENGINEPublication=ICCV’25, Replay=false, Backbone=CLIP-ViT-B/162026.03 | — | — | — | 77 | 84.4 | |
| InfLoRABackbone=ViT-B/16-IN1K2026.05 | — | — | — | 75.32 | 81.39 | |
| L2PMemory=false2025.12 | — | 81.1 | — | 72.86 | — | |
| L2PBackbone=ViT-B/16-IN1K2026.05 | — | — | — | 62.72 | 66.97 | |
| L2P++Publication=CVPR’22, Replay=false, Backbone=CLIP-ViT-B/162026.03 | — | — | — | 76 | 81.7 | |
| Lang-CLMemory=false2025.12 | — | 87.65 | — | 81.77 | — | |
| MG-CLIPPublication=ICCV’25, Replay=false, Backbone=CLIP-ViT-B/162026.03 | — | — | — | 82.7 | 87.6 | |
| MoE-AdapterPublication=CVPR’24, Replay=false, Backbone=CLIP-ViT-B/162026.03 | — | — | — | 80.8 | 85.3 | |
| MoE-AdaptersMemory=false2025.12 | — | 84.15 | — | 78.54 | — | |
| MoPMemory=false2025.12 | — | 88.6 | — | 83.58 | — | |
| PR-CLIPMemory=true2025.12 | — | 82.35 | — | 76.4 | — | |
| PROOFMemory=true2025.12 | — | 84.26 | — | 77.39 | — | |
| PROOFPublication=TPAMI’25, Replay=true, Backbone=CLIP-ViT-B/162026.03 | — | — | — | 77.1 | 82.8 | |
| RAPFPublication=ECCV’24, Replay=false, Backbone=CLIP-ViT-B/162026.03 | — | — | — | 80.3 | 85.6 | |
| SD-LoRABackbone=ViT-B/16-IN1K2026.05 | — | — | — | 78.17 | 82.59 | |
| SeGP-CL (Ours)Replay=false, Backbone=CLIP-ViT-B/162026.03 | — | — | — | 84.8 | 88.9 | |
| SeGP-CL-onlyCLIPReplay=false, Backbone=CLIP-ViT-B/162026.03 | — | — | — | 83.9 | 87.4 | |
| SEMABackbone=ViT-B/16-IN1K2026.05 | — | — | — | 78 | 83.56 | |
| SimpleCILBackbone=ViT-B/16-IN1K2026.05 | — | — | — | 61.28 | 67.06 | |
| SLCAMemory=false2025.12 | — | 84.79 | — | 76.21 | — | |
| SLCAPublication=ICCV’23, Replay=false, Backbone=CLIP-ViT-B/162026.03 | — | — | — | 70.4 | 75.9 | |
| StaR-MoEBackbone=ViT-B/16-IN1K2026.05 | — | — | — | 79.43 | 84.96 |