Video Spatial Reasoning on VSI-Bench
79.2Average ScoreHuman Level
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human LevelSize=–2026.03 | 79.2 | 84.3 | 47 | 60.4 | 45.9 | 94.7 | 95.8 | 95.8 | 100 | |
| SpaceMind++Model Category=Specialized Spatial Reasoning Models2026.05 | 73.2 | 74.5 | 62.4 | 77.9 | 76.9 | 73.5 | 89.7 | 48.2 | 84.1 | |
| LongSpace-9BParameter Scale=9B2026.06 | 70.8 | 73.8 | 57.6 | 77.4 | 74.4 | 72.4 | 84.3 | 47.4 | 78.8 | |
| SpaceMindModel Category=Specialized Spatial Reasoning Models2026.05 | 70.2 | 73.9 | 61.5 | 77.6 | 74.8 | 67.7 | 88.6 | 46.9 | 70.7 | |
| SenseNova-SI-1.2Model Category=Specialized Spatial Reasoning Models2026.05 | 69.6 | 72.7 | 56 | 77.1 | 75.7 | 70.4 | 81.7 | 42.8 | 79.9 | |
| Cambrian-S-7BModel Category=Spatial-Centric, Parameter Scale=7B2026.06 | 62.9 | 68.2 | 45.8 | 72.5 | 67.6 | 66.8 | 69.6 | 39.2 | 73.8 | |
| VLM-3RModel Category=Specialized Spatial Reasoning Models2026.05 | 60.9 | 70.2 | 49.4 | 69.2 | 67.1 | 65.4 | 80.5 | 45.4 | 40.1 | |
| VLM-3R-7BModel Category=Spatial-Centric, Parameter Scale=7B2026.06 | 60.9 | 70.2 | 49.4 | 69.2 | 67.1 | 65.4 | 80.5 | 45.4 | 40.1 | |
| VST-7BModel Category=Specialized Spatial Reasoning Models2026.05 | 60.6 | 72 | 44.4 | 74.3 | 68.3 | 59.7 | 55.8 | 44.9 | 65.2 | |
| VST-7B-SFTModel Category=Spatial-Centric, Parameter Scale=7B, Training=SFT2026.06 | 60.6 | 72 | 44.4 | 74.3 | 68.3 | 59.7 | 55.8 | 44.9 | 65.2 | |
| Thinking with Spatial Code + 2D boxSize=4B2026.03 | 60 | 95.2 | 60.7 | 50.8 | 33.1 | 62 | 87.1 | 32.5 | 59 | |
| Qwen3VL-8B-InstructModel Category=Open-source VLMs2026.05 | 57.9 | 67.5 | 47 | 76.3 | 61.9 | 58 | 50.9 | 35 | 66.3 | |
| Qwen3-VL-8BModel Category=Open-Source, Parameter Scale=8B2026.06 | 57.9 | 67.5 | 47 | 76.3 | 61.9 | 58 | 50.9 | 35 | 66.3 | |
| VST-3B-SFTModel Category=Spatial-Centric, Parameter Scale=3B, Training=SFT2026.06 | 57.9 | 69.3 | 45.4 | 71.8 | 62.4 | 59 | 46 | 38.7 | 70.2 | |
| Cambrian-S-3BModel Category=Spatial-Centric, Parameter Scale=3B2026.06 | 57.3 | 70.7 | 40.6 | 68 | 46.3 | 64.8 | 61.9 | 27.3 | 78.8 | |
| Thinking with Spatial CodeSize=4B2026.03 | 57 | 58.3 | 39 | 73 | 52.4 | 57.8 | 55.9 | 38.7 | 63.9 | |
| Thinking with Spatial Code (w/o RL) + 2D boxSize=4B2026.03 | 56.5 | 95.2 | 50 | 50.9 | 19.9 | 63.7 | 55.5 | 25.3 | 58.4 | |
| Gemini-3 ProModel Category=Proprietary Models (API)2026.05 | 56 | 49 | 42.8 | 71.5 | 41.8 | 56.6 | 57.5 | 61.9 | 60 | |
| Gemini-3-ProModel Category=Proprietary2026.06 | 56 | 49 | 42.8 | 71.5 | 41.8 | 56.6 | 57.5 | 61.9 | 60 | |
| GPT-5Size=–2026.03 | 55 | 53.3 | 34.4 | 73.3 | 47.5 | 63.7 | 48.6 | 50.2 | 68.9 | |
| Qwen3-VLSize=8B2026.03 | 55 | 52.1 | 44.7 | 60.4 | 43.1 | 56.6 | 56.3 | 38.1 | 70.2 | |
| GPT-5Model Category=Proprietary Models (API)2026.05 | 55 | 53.3 | 34.4 | 73.3 | 47.5 | 63.7 | 48.6 | 50.2 | 68.9 | |
| GPT-5Model Category=Proprietary2026.06 | 55 | 53.3 | 34.4 | 73.3 | 47.5 | 63.7 | 48.6 | 50.2 | 68.9 | |
| Thinking with Spatial Code (w/o RL)Size=4B2026.03 | 54.6 | 58.3 | 37 | 71.2 | 52.4 | 54.2 | 50.2 | 35.6 | 63.9 | |
| Qwen3-VL + 2D boxSize=4B2026.03 | 54.5 | 66.6 | 42.3 | 57.8 | 40.8 | 56.9 | 52.7 | 37.6 | 66.9 | |
| Gemini-2.5-ProModel Category=Proprietary2026.06 | 53.6 | 46 | 37.4 | 68.7 | 54.4 | 62 | 43.9 | 47.4 | 68.8 | |
| Gemini-2.5-ProSize=–2026.03 | 53.5 | 46 | 37.3 | 68.7 | 54.3 | 61.9 | 43.9 | 47.4 | 68.7 | |
| Qwen3-VLSize=4B2026.03 | 52.8 | 53.1 | 46.3 | 63.4 | 48 | 53.3 | 49.9 | 37.1 | 58.9 | |
| CoF-InternVL3-8BParameters=8B, Training=LoRA-based fine-tuning on COF-DATA2025.05 | 51.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| VG-LLM-8BModel Category=Spatial-Centric, Parameter Scale=8B2026.06 | 50.7 | 67.9 | 37.7 | 58.6 | 62 | 46.6 | 40.7 | 32.4 | 59.2 | |
| Seed-1.6Size=230B2026.03 | 49.9 | 43.5 | 34.3 | 66.1 | 52.8 | 55 | 35.7 | 44.3 | 67.9 | |
| Gemini-1.5 ProSize=–2026.03 | 48.8 | 49.6 | 30.9 | 64.1 | 49.4 | 51.3 | 48.1 | 42 | 68 | |
| Gemini-1.5-ProAccess=Closed-source2025.05 | 48.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| InternVL3-78BModel Category=Open-source VLMs2026.05 | 48.5 | 71.2 | 53.7 | 44.4 | 39.5 | 55.9 | 39.5 | 28.9 | 54.5 | |
| Spatial-MLLMModel Category=Specialized Spatial Reasoning Models2026.05 | 48.4 | 65.3 | 34.8 | 63.1 | 45.1 | 41.3 | 46.2 | 33.5 | 46.3 | |
| InternVL3-78BModel Category=Open-Source, Parameter Scale=78B2026.06 | 48.4 | 71.2 | 53.7 | 44.4 | 39.5 | 55.9 | 39.5 | 28.9 | 54.5 | |
| Spatial-MLLM-4BModel Category=Spatial-Centric, Parameter Scale=4B2026.06 | 48.4 | 65.3 | 34.8 | 63.1 | 45.1 | 41.3 | 46.2 | 33.5 | 46.3 | |
| Grok-4Model Category=Proprietary Models (API)2026.05 | 47.9 | 37.1 | 32.9 | 60.8 | 45.4 | 53.1 | 39.6 | 47.4 | 66.8 | |
| VG-LLM-4BModel Category=Spatial-Centric, Parameter Scale=4B2026.06 | 47.3 | 66 | 37.8 | 55.2 | 59.2 | 44.6 | 45.6 | 33.5 | 36.4 | |
| Spatial-MLLMSize=4B2026.03 | 46.3 | 66.6 | 38 | 63.6 | 35.4 | 40.4 | 48.2 | 32.9 | 44.3 | |
| SpatialLadderSize=3B2026.03 | 44.8 | 62.1 | 35.3 | 61.9 | 41.4 | 45.6 | 46.4 | 27.3 | 38.5 | |
| SpatialLadder-3BModel Category=Spatial-Centric, Parameter Scale=3B2026.06 | 44.8 | 62.1 | 35.3 | 61.9 | 41.4 | 45.6 | 46.4 | 27.3 | 38.5 | |
| InternVL3-8BModel Category=Open-Source, Parameter Scale=8B2026.06 | 42.1 | 68.1 | 39 | 48.4 | 33.6 | 48.3 | 36.4 | 27.3 | 35.4 | |
| SpaceRSize=7B2026.03 | 41.5 | 44.5 | 24.7 | 53.5 | 37.3 | 41.9 | 46.1 | 29.3 | 54.8 | |
| InternVL3-8BAccess=Open-source, Parameters=8B2025.05 | 41 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LLaVA-VideoSize=72B2026.03 | 40.9 | 48.9 | 22.8 | 57.4 | 35.3 | 42.4 | 36.7 | 35 | 48.6 | |
| LLaVA-NeXT-Video-72BModel Category=Open-source VLMs2026.05 | 40.9 | 48.9 | 22.8 | 57.4 | 35.3 | 42.4 | 36.7 | 35 | 48.6 | |
| LLaVA-NeXT-Video-72BModel Category=Open-Source, Parameter Scale=72B2026.06 | 40.9 | 48.9 | 22.8 | 57.4 | 35.3 | 42.4 | 36.7 | 35 | 48.6 | |
| LLaVA-OneVision-72BAccess=Open-source, Parameters=72B2025.05 | 40.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LLaVA-OneVisionSize=72B2026.03 | 40.2 | 43.5 | 23.9 | 57.6 | 37.5 | 42.5 | 39.9 | 32.5 | 44.6 | |
| LLaVA-OneVision-72BModel Category=Open-source VLMs2026.05 | 40.2 | 43.5 | 23.9 | 57.6 | 37.5 | 42.5 | 39.9 | 32.5 | 44.6 | |
| LLaVA-OneVision-72BModel Category=Open-Source, Parameter Scale=72B2026.06 | 40.2 | 43.5 | 23.9 | 57.6 | 37.5 | 42.5 | 39.9 | 32.5 | 44.6 | |
| Qwen2-VL-72BAccess=Open-source, Parameters=72B2025.05 | 37.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DR-MV3DBackbone=Qwen2.5-VL-3B-Instruct, Training protocol=SFT + GRPO2026.06 | 37.1 | — | — | — | — | 37.8 | 46.6 | 32.4 | 31.4 | |
| Qwen2.5-VL-72BModel Category=Open-Source, Parameter Scale=72B2026.06 | 37 | 25.1 | 29.3 | 54.5 | 38.8 | 38.2 | 37 | 34 | 28.9 | |
| CoF-InternVL2.5-4BParameters=4B, Training=Fine-tuned on COF-DATA2025.05 | 36.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| InternVL2Parameter scale=8B2026.06 | 36.7 | — | — | — | — | 38 | 33.4 | 28.9 | 46.4 | |
| LLaVA-NeXT-Video-7BAccess=Open-source, Parameters=7B2025.05 | 35.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LLaVA-VideoSize=7B2026.03 | 35.6 | 48.5 | 14 | 47.8 | 24.2 | 43.5 | 42.4 | 34 | 30.6 | |
| DR-MV3DBackbone=Qwen2.5-VL-3B-Instruct, Training protocol=SFT2026.06 | 34.2 | — | — | — | — | 35.1 | 43.9 | 30.9 | 26.9 | |
| GPT-4oSize=–2026.03 | 34 | 46.2 | 5.3 | 43.8 | 38.2 | 37 | 41.3 | 31.5 | 28.5 | |
| GPT-4oAccess=Closed-source2025.05 | 34 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| InternVL2.5-4BAccess=Open-source, Parameters=4B2025.05 | 33.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LLaVA-OneVisionParameter scale=7B2026.06 | 32.9 | — | — | — | — | 42.5 | 35.2 | 29.4 | 24.4 | |
| LLaVA-OneVision-7BAccess=Open-source, Parameters=7B2025.05 | 32.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LLaVA-OneVisionSize=7B2026.03 | 32.4 | 47.7 | 20.2 | 47.4 | 12.3 | 42.5 | 35.2 | 29.4 | 24.4 | |
| Qwen2.5-VLSize=7B2026.03 | 32.3 | 32.8 | 18.1 | 43.8 | 31.7 | 38 | 37.4 | 28.3 | 27.9 | |
| VILA-1.5-40BModel Category=Open-Source, Parameter Scale=40B2026.06 | 31.2 | 22.4 | 24.8 | 48.7 | 22.7 | 40.5 | 25.7 | 31.5 | 32.9 | |
| Qwen2-VL-7BAccess=Open-source, Parameters=7B2025.05 | 31 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| VILA-1.5Parameter scale=8B2026.06 | 30.7 | — | — | — | — | 32.1 | 34.8 | 31 | 24.8 | |
| Qwen2.5-VL-3B-InstructParameter scale=3B, Training protocol=Instruct2026.06 | 30.4 | — | — | — | — | 25.9 | 43.8 | 27.3 | 24.4 | |
| LongVA-7BModel Category=Open-Source, Parameter Scale=7B2026.06 | 29.2 | 38 | 16.6 | 38.9 | 22.2 | 33.1 | 43.3 | 25.4 | 15.7 | |
| VILA-1.5-8BModel Category=Open-Source, Parameter Scale=8B2026.06 | 28.9 | 17.4 | 21.8 | 50.3 | 18.8 | 32.1 | 34.8 | 31 | 24.8 | |
| InternVL2Parameter scale=2B2026.06 | 28.2 | — | — | — | — | 32.1 | 44.1 | 30.4 | 6.3 | |
| LLaVA-OneVisionParameter scale=0.5B2026.06 | 26.5 | — | — | — | — | 28.9 | 36.9 | 34.5 | 5.8 |