Time Series Imputation on Weather (MSE, MAE)
0.014MAEMSTN-Transformer
Evaluation Results
| Method | Links | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| MSTN-TransformerMask R.=12.5%2025.11 | 0.014 | 0.005 | |
| MSTN-BiLSTMMask R.=12.5%2025.11 | 0.017 | 0.007 | |
| Bridge-TS-2Ratio=12.5%2025.12 | 0.033 | 0.023 | |
| MSTN-TransformerMask R.=Avg2025.11 | 0.033 | 0.015 | |
| ZEUSProtocol=Zero-shot, Masking Strategy=Random2026.07 | 0.035 | 0.03 | |
| MSTN-BiLSTMMask R.=Avg2025.11 | 0.038 | 0.018 | |
| Peri-midFormerMask Ratio=Avg2024.11 | 0.039 | 0.028 | |
| Bridge-TS-2Ratio=25.0%2025.12 | 0.039 | 0.026 | |
| CSDIPoint Missing Ratio=Avg2026.02 | 0.042 | 0.084 | |
| CSDIScenario=Point missing, Missing Ratios=0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 (avg), Sequence Length=962026.02 | 0.042 | 0.084 | |
| ZEUSProtocol=Zero-shot, Masking Strategy=Block2026.07 | 0.042 | 0.036 | |
| T1Point Missing Ratio=Avg2026.02 | 0.045 | 0.029 | |
| SaitsPoint Missing Ratio=Avg2026.02 | 0.045 | 0.034 | |
| T1Scenario=Point missing, Missing Ratios=0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 (avg), Sequence Length=962026.02 | 0.045 | 0.029 | |
| SAITSScenario=Point missing, Missing Ratios=0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 (avg), Sequence Length=962026.02 | 0.045 | 0.034 | |
| Bridge-TS-2Ratio=37.5%2025.12 | 0.046 | 0.029 | |
| Non-stationaryRatio=12.5%2025.12 | 0.048 | 0.026 | |
| XCTFormermasking ratios=Average of 12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%, time series length=10242026.05 | 0.049 | 0.032 | |
| Bridge-TS-2Ratio=50.0%2025.12 | 0.051 | 0.033 | |
| TimesNetRatio=12.5%2025.12 | 0.053 | 0.027 | |
| ImputeFormerScenario=Point missing, Missing Ratios=0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 (avg), Sequence Length=962026.02 | 0.053 | 0.042 | |
| TimesNetMask Ratio=Avg2024.11 | 0.054 | 0.03 | |
| Non-stationaryRatio=25.0%2025.12 | 0.054 | 0.029 | |
| TimesNetSequence Length=96, Mask Ratios=12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%2023.02 | 0.054 | 0.03 | |
| GTMAveraging=varying data missing ratios, Protocol=point-wise missing ratios2025.02 | 0.054 | 0.03 | |
| TimesNetAveraging=varying data missing ratios, Protocol=point-wise missing ratios2025.02 | 0.054 | 0.03 | |
| TimesNetRatio=25.0%2025.12 | 0.055 | 0.029 | |
| TimeMixer++Scenario=Point missing, Missing Ratios=0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 (avg), Sequence Length=962026.02 | 0.055 | 0.034 | |
| PatchTSTSequence Length=96, Mask Ratios=12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%2023.02 | 0.055 | 0.034 | |
| GPT4TSMask Ratio=Avg2024.11 | 0.056 | 0.031 | |
| GPT2(3)Number of Layers=3, Sequence Length=96, Mask Ratios=12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%2023.02 | 0.056 | 0.031 | |
| GPT4TSAveraging=varying data missing ratios, Protocol=point-wise missing ratios2025.02 | 0.056 | 0.031 | |
| AutoformerSequence Length=96, Mask Ratios=12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%2023.02 | 0.057 | 0.031 | |
| StationarySequence Length=96, Mask Ratios=12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%2023.02 | 0.059 | 0.032 | |
| StationaryMask R.=Avg2025.11 | 0.059 | 0.032 | |
| Non-stationaryRatio=37.5%2025.12 | 0.061 | 0.033 | |
| TimesNetRatio=37.5%2025.12 | 0.062 | 0.033 | |
| Helix+ALER-TImissing rate (r)=0.5, Average sequence length L={96, 192, 336, 720}2026.07 | 0.062 | — | |
| TimesNetRatio=50.0%2025.12 | 0.064 | 0.035 | |
| ModernTCNProtocol=Supervised, Masking Strategy=Random2026.07 | 0.064 | 0.034 | |
| PatchTSTProtocol=Supervised, Masking Strategy=Random2026.07 | 0.064 | 0.036 | |
| TimesNetProtocol=Supervised, Masking Strategy=Random2026.07 | 0.067 | 0.034 | |
| Helixmissing rate (r)=0.5, Average sequence length L={96, 192, 336, 720}2026.07 | 0.067 | — | |
| PatchTSTScenario=Point missing, Missing Ratios=0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 (avg), Sequence Length=962026.02 | 0.069 | 0.037 | |
| MAS4TSMasking Ratio=Average (12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%), Publication Year=20242026.02 | 0.07 | 0.036 | |
| Non-stationaryRatio=50.0%2025.12 | 0.071 | 0.039 | |
| ModernTCNScenario=Point missing, Missing Ratios=0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 (avg), Sequence Length=962026.02 | 0.072 | 0.038 | |
| PSW-IScenario=Point missing, Missing Ratios=0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 (avg), Sequence Length=962026.02 | 0.072 | 0.107 | |
| GPT4TSProtocol=Supervised, Masking Strategy=Random2026.07 | 0.072 | 0.036 | |
| TimeMixer++2025.08 | 0.078 | 0.049 | |
| TimeMixer++masking ratios=Average of 12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%, time series length=10242026.05 | 0.078 | 0.049 | |
| TimesNetScenario=Point missing, Missing Ratios=0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 (avg), Sequence Length=962026.02 | 0.079 | 0.04 | |
| PatchTSTMasked Patch=1, Sequence length=192, Patch length=242025.12 | 0.081 | 0.061 | |
| TimesNetProtocol=Supervised, Masking Strategy=Block2026.07 | 0.082 | 0.043 | |
| DLinearScenario=Point missing, Missing Ratios=0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 (avg), Sequence Length=962026.02 | 0.084 | 0.044 | |
| GPT4TSProtocol=Supervised, Masking Strategy=Block2026.07 | 0.084 | 0.044 | |
| ModernTCNProtocol=Supervised, Masking Strategy=Block2026.07 | 0.085 | 0.046 | |
| PatchTSTProtocol=Supervised, Masking Strategy=Block2026.07 | 0.085 | 0.051 | |
| ReformerMasking Ratio=Average (12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%), Publication Year=20202026.02 | 0.087 | 0.038 | |
| ReformerSequence Length=96, Mask Ratios=12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%2023.02 | 0.087 | 0.038 | |
| HGTS-Former2025.08 | 0.091 | 0.045 | |
| TimePerceiverMasked Patch=1, Sequence length=192, Patch length=242025.12 | 0.093 | 0.066 | |
| DlinearRatio=12.5%2025.12 | 0.094 | 0.042 | |
| iTransformerMasked Patch=1, Sequence length=192, Patch length=242025.12 | 0.094 | 0.066 | |
| TimesNet2025.08 | 0.098 | 0.061 | |
| TimesNetmasking ratios=Average of 12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%, time series length=10242026.05 | 0.098 | 0.061 | |
| FEDformerRatio=12.5%2025.12 | 0.102 | 0.042 | |
| PatchTSTMasked Patch=2, Sequence length=192, Patch length=242025.12 | 0.102 | 0.069 | |
| iTransformer2025.08 | 0.102 | 0.095 | |
| iTransformermasking ratios=Average of 12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%, time series length=10242026.05 | 0.102 | 0.095 | |
| InformerMasking Ratio=Average (12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%), Publication Year=20212026.02 | 0.104 | 0.045 | |
| TimesNetMasked Patch=1, Sequence length=192, Patch length=242025.12 | 0.104 | 0.072 | |
| InformerSequence Length=96, Mask Ratios=12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%2023.02 | 0.104 | 0.045 | |
| InformerAveraging=varying data missing ratios, Protocol=point-wise missing ratios2025.02 | 0.104 | 0.045 | |
| DLinear2025.08 | 0.107 | 0.071 | |
| DLinearmasking ratios=Average of 12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%, time series length=10242026.05 | 0.107 | 0.071 | |
| Autoformermasking ratios=Average of 12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%, time series length=10242026.05 | 0.107 | 0.066 | |
| LSSLMasking Ratio=Average (12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%), Publication Year=20222026.02 | 0.108 | 0.045 | |
| TimePerceiverMasked Patch=2, Sequence length=192, Patch length=242025.12 | 0.109 | 0.078 | |
| iTransformerMasked Patch=2, Sequence length=192, Patch length=242025.12 | 0.109 | 0.073 | |
| DLinearMasking Ratio=Average (12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%), Publication Year=20232026.02 | 0.11 | 0.052 | |
| DLinearSequence Length=96, Mask Ratios=12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%2023.02 | 0.11 | 0.052 | |
| DLinearAveraging=varying data missing ratios, Protocol=point-wise missing ratios2025.02 | 0.11 | 0.052 | |
| Crossformer2025.08 | 0.111 | 0.15 | |
| Crossformermasking ratios=Average of 12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%, time series length=10242026.05 | 0.111 | 0.15 | |
| TimeMixer2025.08 | 0.114 | 0.091 | |
| TimeMixermasking ratios=Average of 12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%, time series length=10242026.05 | 0.114 | 0.091 | |
| iTransformerRatio=12.5%2025.12 | 0.116 | 0.056 | |
| DlinearRatio=25.0%2025.12 | 0.116 | 0.053 | |
| LightTSMasking Ratio=Average (12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%), Publication Year=20222026.02 | 0.117 | 0.055 | |
| BRITSScenario=Point missing, Missing Ratios=0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 (avg), Sequence Length=962026.02 | 0.117 | 0.112 | |
| LightTSSequence Length=96, Mask Ratios=12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%2023.02 | 0.117 | 0.055 | |
| DlinearRatio=37.5%2025.12 | 0.125 | 0.059 | |
| TimesNetMasked Patch=2, Sequence length=192, Patch length=242025.12 | 0.126 | 0.09 | |
| MICN2025.08 | 0.126 | 0.075 | |
| MICNmasking ratios=Average of 12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%, time series length=10242026.05 | 0.126 | 0.075 | |
| TIDE2025.08 | 0.131 | 0.063 | |
| TiDEmasking ratios=Average of 12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%, time series length=10242026.05 | 0.131 | 0.063 | |
| FEDformerRatio=25.0%2025.12 | 0.138 | 0.06 | |
| iTransformerScenario=Point missing, Missing Ratios=0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 (avg), Sequence Length=962026.02 | 0.138 | 0.09 |