Sign Language Translation on CSL-Daily (test)
28.94BLEU-4CV-SLT
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CV-SLTPose=true, RGB=true, Approach=Gloss-based2025.01 | 28.94 | 57.06 | 58.29 | 45.15 | 35.77 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CV-SLTModality=RGB, Evaluation Protocol=Gloss-based2025.01 | 28.94 | 58.91 | 57.06 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CV-SLTCategory=Gloss-based2025.09 | 28.94 | — | 58.29 | — | — | — | — | — | 57.06 | — | — | — | |
| CV-SLTMethod Type=Gloss-based2026.04 | 28.94 | — | 58.29 | — | — | — | — | — | 57.06 | — | — | — | |
| CV-SLTGloss utilization=Gloss-based2026.04 | 28.94 | — | 58.29 | 45.15 | 35.77 | — | — | — | 57.06 | — | — | — | |
| SignXCategory=Sign2Text2025.04 | 28.58 | 57.12 | 56.95 | 44.32 | 35.62 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SIGNETModality (Pose)=true, Modality (RGB)=false, Approach=Gloss-free2026.06 | 28.51 | 58.66 | 56.77 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SignDPOMethod Type=Gloss-free2026.04 | 28.36 | — | 57.43 | — | — | — | — | — | 58.55 | — | — | — | |
| SignDPOGloss utilization=Gloss-free2026.04 | 28.36 | — | 57.43 | 44.24 | 35.06 | — | — | — | 58.55 | — | — | — | |
| MSLUModality=Pose+RGB, Evaluation Protocol=Gloss-based2025.01 | 27.91 | 57.12 | 56.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Geo-SignModality (Pose)=true, Modality (RGB)=false, Approach=Gloss-free2026.06 | 27.42 | 57.95 | 55.89 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SigmaCategory=Gloss-free2025.09 | 27.12 | — | 55.73 | — | — | — | — | — | 57.32 | — | — | — | |
| Uni-SignPose=true, RGB=true, Approach=Gloss-free2025.01 | 26.36 | 56.51 | 55.08 | 42.14 | 32.98 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Uni-SignModality=Pose+RGB, Evaluation Protocol=Gloss-free2025.01 | 26.36 | 56.51 | 55.08 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Uni-SignCategory=Gloss-free2025.09 | 26.36 | — | 55.08 | — | — | — | — | — | 56.51 | — | — | — | |
| Uni-SignCategory=Sign2Text2025.04 | 26.36 | 56.51 | 55.08 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Uni-SignMethod Type=Gloss-free2026.04 | 26.36 | — | 55.08 | — | — | — | — | — | 56.51 | — | — | — | |
| Uni-SignGloss utilization=Gloss-free2026.04 | 26.36 | — | 55.08 | 42.14 | 32.98 | — | — | — | 56.51 | — | — | — | |
| Uni-SignModality (Pose)=true, Modality (RGB)=true, Approach=Gloss-free2026.06 | 26.36 | 56.51 | 55.08 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CorrNet+Category=Sign2Text2025.04 | 26.14 | 55.84 | 55.82 | 42.96 | 33.26 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ViPo-MLLMSupervision level=Gloss-free2026.07 | 25.85 | — | 56.13 | 42.45 | 32.74 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 54.53 | |
| TwoStream-SLTLLM=true2023.08 | 25.79 | 55.72 | 55.44 | 42.59 | 32.87 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TS-SLTSetting=Gloss-based2024.04 | 25.79 | 55.72 | 55.44 | 42.59 | 32.87 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TwoStream-SLTInput Modality=RGB2024.05 | 25.79 | 55.72 | 55.44 | 42.59 | 32.87 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TS-SLTPose=true, RGB=true, Approach=Gloss-based2025.01 | 25.79 | 55.72 | 55.44 | 42.59 | 32.87 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TS-SLTModality=Pose+RGB, Evaluation Protocol=Gloss-based2025.01 | 25.79 | 55.72 | 55.44 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TS-SLTSupervision level=Gloss-based2026.01 | 25.79 | — | 55.44 | 42.59 | 32.87 | — | — | — | 55.72 | — | — | — | |
| TS-SLTCategory=Gloss-based2025.09 | 25.79 | — | 55.44 | — | — | — | — | — | 55.72 | — | — | — | |
| TwoStream-SLTCategory=Sign2Text2025.04 | 25.79 | 55.72 | 55.44 | 42.59 | 32.87 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TS-SLTMethod Type=Gloss-based2026.04 | 25.79 | — | 55.44 | — | — | — | — | — | 55.72 | — | — | — | |
| TS-SLTGloss utilization=Gloss-based2026.04 | 25.79 | — | 55.44 | 42.59 | 32.87 | — | — | — | 55.72 | — | — | — | |
| TS-SLTModality (Pose)=true, Modality (RGB)=true, Approach=Gloss-based2026.06 | 25.79 | 55.72 | 55.44 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TS-SLTSupervision level=Gloss-based2026.07 | 25.79 | — | 55.44 | 42.59 | 32.87 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 55.72 | |
| Uni-SignPose=true, RGB=false, Approach=Gloss-free2025.01 | 25.61 | 54.92 | 53.86 | 40.96 | 32.02 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Uni-SignModality=Pose, Evaluation Protocol=Gloss-free2025.01 | 25.61 | 54.92 | 53.86 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MSKA-SLTInput Modality=Keypoint2024.05 | 25.52 | 54.04 | 56.37 | 42.8 | 32.78 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MSKASupervision level=Gloss-based2026.07 | 25.52 | — | 56.37 | 42.8 | 32.78 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 54.04 | |
| TwoStream-SLTInput Modality=Keypoint2024.05 | 25.42 | 55.07 | 55.34 | 42.36 | 32.58 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SLTUNETSetting=Gloss-based2024.04 | 25.01 | 54.08 | 54.98 | 41.44 | 31.84 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SLTUNETPose=false, RGB=true, Approach=Gloss-based2025.01 | 25.01 | 54.08 | 54.98 | 41.44 | 31.84 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SLTUNETModality=RGB, Evaluation Protocol=Gloss-based2025.01 | 25.01 | 54.12 | 54.08 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SLTUNETSupervision level=Gloss-based2026.01 | 25.01 | — | 54.98 | 41.44 | 31.84 | — | — | — | 54.08 | — | — | — | |
| SLTUNETCategory=Gloss-based2025.09 | 25.01 | — | 54.98 | — | — | — | — | — | 54.08 | — | — | — | |
| SLTUNETCategory=Sign2Text2025.04 | 25.01 | 54.08 | 54.98 | 41.44 | 31.84 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SLTUNETMethod Type=Gloss-based2026.04 | 25.01 | — | 54.98 | — | — | — | — | — | 54.08 | — | — | — | |
| SLTUNETGloss utilization=Gloss-based2026.04 | 25.01 | — | 54.98 | 41.44 | 31.84 | — | — | — | 54.08 | — | — | — | |
| SLTUNETModality (Pose)=true, Modality (RGB)=false, Approach=Gloss-based2026.06 | 25.01 | 54.08 | 54.98 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SLRTParadigm=Sign2Text (end-to-end), Gloss Annotations Usage=Yes, Semi-supervised Learning=false2022.03 | 23.92 | 53.25 | 53.31 | 40.41 | 30.87 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MMTLBLLM=true2023.08 | 23.92 | 53.25 | 53.31 | 40.41 | 30.87 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MMTLBSetting=Gloss-based2024.04 | 23.92 | 53.25 | 53.31 | 40.41 | 30.87 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MMTLBInput Modality=RGB2024.05 | 23.92 | 53.25 | 53.31 | 40.41 | 30.87 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MMTLBPose=false, RGB=true, Approach=Gloss-based2025.01 | 23.92 | 53.25 | 53.31 | 40.41 | 30.87 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MMTLBModality=Pose+RGB, Evaluation Protocol=Gloss-based2025.01 | 23.92 | 53.25 | 53.31 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MMTLBSupervision level=Gloss-based2026.01 | 23.92 | — | 53.31 | 40.41 | 30.87 | — | — | — | 53.25 | — | — | — | |
| MMTLBCategory=Gloss-based2025.09 | 23.92 | — | 53.31 | — | — | — | — | — | 53.25 | — | — | — | |
| MMTLBCategory=Sign2Text2025.04 | 23.92 | 53.25 | 53.31 | 40.41 | 30.87 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MMTLBMethod Type=Gloss-based2026.04 | 23.92 | — | 53.31 | — | — | — | — | — | 53.25 | — | — | — | |
| MMTLBGloss utilization=Gloss-based2026.04 | 23.92 | — | 53.31 | 40.41 | 30.87 | — | — | — | 53.25 | — | — | — | |
| MMTLBModality (Pose)=true, Modality (RGB)=false, Approach=Gloss-based2026.06 | 23.92 | 53.25 | 53.31 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| EASLTSupervision level=Gloss-free2026.01 | 22.8 | — | 50.27 | 37.4 | 28.8 | — | — | — | 50.33 | — | — | — | |
| C2RLPose=true, RGB=true, Approach=Gloss-free2025.01 | 21.61 | 48.21 | 49.32 | 36.28 | 27.54 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| C2RLCategory=Gloss-free2025.09 | 21.61 | — | 49.32 | — | — | — | — | — | 48.21 | — | — | — | |
| C^2RLMethod Type=Gloss-free2026.04 | 21.61 | — | 49.32 | — | — | — | — | — | 48.21 | — | — | — | |
| C^2RLGloss utilization=Gloss-free2026.04 | 21.61 | — | 49.32 | 36.28 | 27.54 | — | — | — | 48.21 | — | — | — | |
| XmDAInput Modality=RGB2024.05 | 21.58 | 49.34 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CMDA-SLTSupervision level=Weakly Supervised Gloss-free2026.07 | 21.58 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 49.34 | |
| BeyondGlossSupervision level=Gloss-free2026.01 | 21.53 | — | 53.12 | 38.63 | 27.82 | — | — | — | 53.46 | — | — | — | |
| BeyondGlossModality (Pose)=true, Modality (RGB)=false, Approach=Gloss-free2026.06 | 21.53 | 53.46 | 53.12 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SLRTParadigm=Sign2Gloss2Text (two-stage), Gloss Annotations Usage=Yes, Semi-supervised Learning=false2022.03 | 21.46 | 51.43 | 50.33 | 37.44 | 28.08 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BN-TIN-Transf + BTParadigm=Sign2Text (end-to-end), Gloss Annotations Usage=Yes, Semi-supervised Learning=true2022.03 | 21.34 | 49.31 | 51.42 | 37.26 | 27.76 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BN-TIN-Transf.+SignBTSetting=Gloss-based2024.04 | 21.34 | 49.31 | 51.42 | 37.26 | 27.76 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SignBTInput Modality=RGB2024.05 | 21.34 | 49.31 | 51.42 | 37.26 | 27.76 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SignBTPose=false, RGB=true, Approach=Gloss-based2025.01 | 21.34 | 49.31 | 51.42 | 37.26 | 27.76 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SignBTModality=Pose, Evaluation Protocol=Gloss-based2025.01 | 21.34 | 49.31 | 51.42 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BN-TIN-Transf+SignBTSupervision level=Gloss-based2026.01 | 21.34 | — | 51.42 | 37.26 | 27.76 | — | — | — | 49.31 | — | — | — | |
| SignBTCategory=Gloss-based2025.09 | 21.34 | — | 51.42 | — | — | — | — | — | 49.31 | — | — | — | |
| SignBTCategory=Sign2Text2025.04 | 21.34 | 49.31 | 51.42 | 37.26 | 27.76 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SignBTMethod Type=Gloss-based2026.04 | 21.34 | — | 51.42 | — | — | — | — | — | 49.31 | — | — | — | |
| SignBTGloss utilization=Gloss-based2026.04 | 21.34 | — | 51.42 | 37.26 | 27.76 | — | — | — | 49.31 | — | — | — | |
| MMSLTSupervision level=Gloss-free2026.01 | 21.11 | — | 49.87 | 36.37 | 27.29 | — | — | — | 48.92 | — | — | — | |
| MMSLTModality (Pose)=true, Modality (RGB)=false, Approach=Gloss-free2026.06 | 21.11 | 48.92 | 49.87 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MMSLTSupervision level=Gloss-free2026.07 | 21.11 | — | 49.87 | 36.37 | 27.29 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 48.92 | |
| VAPSupervision level=Weakly supervised gloss-free2026.01 | 20.85 | — | 49.99 | — | — | — | — | — | 48.56 | — | — | — | |
| VAPSupervision level=Weakly Supervised Gloss-free2026.07 | 20.85 | — | 49.99 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 48.56 | |
| SpaMo (Baseline)Supervision level=Gloss-free2026.01 | 20.55 | — | 48.9 | 36.9 | 26.78 | — | — | — | 47.46 | — | — | — | |
| SpaMoSupervision level=Gloss-free2026.07 | 20.55 | — | 48.9 | 36.9 | 26.78 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 47.46 | |
| BN-TIN-Transf + BTParadigm=Sign2Gloss2Text (two-stage), Gloss Annotations Usage=Yes, Semi-supervised Learning=true2022.03 | 19.67 | 48.21 | 50.68 | 36 | 26.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| IP-SLTLLM=false2023.08 | 16.72 | 44.09 | 44.85 | 31.5 | 22.66 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| IP-SLTInput Modality=RGB2024.05 | 16.72 | 44.09 | 44.85 | 31.5 | 22.66 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| IP-SLTModality (Pose)=true, Modality (RGB)=false, Approach=Gloss-based2026.06 | 16.72 | 44.09 | 44.85 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BN-TIN-TransfParadigm=Sign2Gloss2Text (two-stage), Gloss Annotations Usage=Yes, Semi-supervised Learning=false2022.03 | 16.25 | 44.78 | 46.85 | 32.37 | 22.57 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SL-TransfParadigm=Sign2Gloss2Text (two-stage), Gloss Annotations Usage=Yes, Semi-supervised Learning=false2022.03 | 16.24 | 44.81 | 47.09 | 32.49 | 22.61 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Joint-SLRTInput Modality=RGB2024.05 | 16.24 | 44.81 | 47.09 | 32.49 | 22.61 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GFSLT-VLP + SignCLSignCL integration stage=Two States2024.05 | 16.16 | — | 47.47 | 32.53 | 22.62 | — | — | 54.61 | 48.92 | — | — | — | |
| GFSLT-VLP + SignCLSignCL integration stage=Finetuning2024.05 | 15.98 | — | 46.53 | 32.41 | 22.42 | — | — | 55.03 | 48.26 | — | — | — | |
| GFSLT-VLP + SignCLSignCL integration stage=Pretraining2024.05 | 15.85 | — | 46.2 | 32.33 | 22.35 | — | — | 55.24 | 47.38 | — | — | — | |
| SignLLMSetting=Gloss-free2024.04 | 15.75 | 39.91 | 39.55 | 28.13 | 20.07 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SignLLMPose=true, RGB=false, Approach=Gloss-free2025.01 | 15.75 | 39.91 | 39.55 | 28.13 | 20.07 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SignLLMSupervision level=Gloss-free2026.01 | 15.75 | — | 39.55 | 28.13 | 20.07 | — | — | — | 39.91 | — | — | — | |
| SignLLMCategory=Gloss-free2025.09 | 15.75 | — | 39.55 | — | — | — | — | — | 39.91 | — | — | — |