ResearchBenchmarksNumerical Optimization on CEC 2017Follow2.561Avg RankL-SHADE2.514682.827343.143.45266Dec 14, 2025Evaluation ResultsMethodMethodLinksAvg RankHolm Adj. pWin CountTie CountLoss CountL-SHADE2025.122.5610.4452192018jSO2025.122.7810.4452171129OPAL2025.122.798————DEpopulation size P=50,...population size P=50, F=0.7, CR=0.92025.123.140.2562271713PSOP=50 particlesP=50 particles2025.123.71904449