ResearchBenchmarksContinuous Optimization on CEC 50-dimensional functions 2017Follow2.579Average RankOPAL2.5392.8093.0793.349Dec 14, 2025Evaluation ResultsMethodMethodLinksAverage RankOPALdimension=50dimension=502025.122.579jSOdimension=50dimension=502025.122.684L-SHADEdimension=50dimension=502025.123.053DEdimension=50, populati...dimension=50, population size=50, mutation factor=0.7, crossover rate=0.92025.123.105PSOdimension=50, populati...dimension=50, population size=50, c1=2, c2=22025.123.579