Novel View Synthesis on ScanNet++
31.35PSNRPUP-3DGS
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PUP-3DGSRemaining G (%)=50%, Method Category=Scene-Specific / Image-Driven, Refinement=Yes2026.04 | 31.35 | 0.937 | 0.159 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PUP-3DGSRemaining G (%)=30%, Method Category=Scene-Specific / Image-Driven, Refinement=Yes2026.04 | 30.85 | 0.931 | 0.172 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LightGaussianRemaining G (%)=50%, Method Category=Scene-Specific / Image-Driven, Refinement=Yes2026.04 | 30.23 | 0.929 | 0.171 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LightGaussianRemaining G (%)=30%, Method Category=Scene-Specific / Image-Driven, Refinement=Yes2026.04 | 29.8 | 0.923 | 0.183 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3DGS (Dense)Remaining G (%)=100%2026.04 | 29.73 | 0.925 | 0.165 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PUP-3DGSRemaining G (%)=10%, Method Category=Scene-Specific / Image-Driven, Refinement=Yes2026.04 | 29.64 | 0.915 | 0.205 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PointSplatRemaining G (%)=50%, Method Category=Geometry-Driven, Refinement=Yes2026.04 | 29.52 | 0.928 | 0.258 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PointSplat* + SplatFormerRemaining G (%)=50%, Method Category=Geometry-Driven2026.04 | 29.03 | 0.924 | 0.264 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PointSplat*Remaining G (%)=50%, Method Category=Geometry-Driven, Refinement=No (Direct Evaluation)2026.04 | 28.81 | 0.923 | 0.266 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PUP-3DGS*Remaining G (%)=50%, Method Category=Scene-Specific / Image-Driven, Refinement=No (Direct Evaluation)2026.04 | 28.29 | 0.913 | 0.185 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LightGaussian*Remaining G (%)=50%, Method Category=Scene-Specific / Image-Driven, Refinement=No (Direct Evaluation)2026.04 | 28.19 | 0.913 | 0.188 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LightGaussianRemaining G (%)=10%, Method Category=Scene-Specific / Image-Driven, Refinement=Yes2026.04 | 28.12 | 0.902 | 0.224 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| M3Approach=Optimization-based, Hardware=NVIDIA RTX 4090 GPU2026.03 | 27.789 | 0.873 | 0.211 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 22.4 | — | — | |
| PointSplatRemaining G (%)=30%, Method Category=Geometry-Driven, Refinement=Yes2026.04 | 27.7 | 0.911 | 0.287 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PointSplat*Remaining G (%)=30%, Method Category=Geometry-Driven, Refinement=No (Direct Evaluation)2026.04 | 27.15 | 0.909 | 0.287 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PointSplat* + SplatFormerRemaining G (%)=30%, Method Category=Geometry-Driven2026.04 | 26.66 | 0.899 | 0.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LightGaussian*Remaining G (%)=30%, Method Category=Scene-Specific / Image-Driven, Refinement=No (Direct Evaluation)2026.04 | 26.13 | 0.891 | 0.215 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PUP-3DGS*Remaining G (%)=30%, Method Category=Scene-Specific / Image-Driven, Refinement=No (Direct Evaluation)2026.04 | 24.8 | 0.882 | 0.224 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| OursMDE Variant=UniDepth V2, MDE delta_1=0.9772026.04 | 24.53 | 0.888 | 0.207 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| OursMDE Variant=DAV2, MDE delta_1=0.9552026.04 | 24.53 | 0.889 | 0.207 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| OursMDE Variant=MoGe-2, MDE delta_1=0.9812026.04 | 24.5 | 0.889 | 0.206 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LsidMDE Variant=UniDepth V2, MDE delta_1=0.9772026.04 | 24.32 | 0.885 | 0.211 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| OursMDE Variant=Marigold(V2), MDE delta_1=0.4082026.04 | 24.31 | 0.887 | 0.209 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LsidMDE Variant=DAV2, MDE delta_1=0.9552026.04 | 24.21 | 0.884 | 0.217 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3DGS (w/o depth)MDE Variant=None2026.04 | 24.2 | 0.886 | 0.21 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LsidMDE Variant=MoGe-2, MDE delta_1=0.9812026.04 | 24.17 | 0.885 | 0.212 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| OursDUSt3R initialization=true2025.03 | 23.89 | 0.85 | 0.182 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LsidMDE Variant=Marigold(V2), MDE delta_1=0.4082026.04 | 23.68 | 0.879 | 0.223 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PointSplatRemaining G (%)=10%, Method Category=Geometry-Driven, Refinement=Yes2026.04 | 23.46 | 0.855 | 0.374 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPFSplatV2-LPose Requirement Category=Self-Supervised Pose-Free, Pose Alignment=true, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 23.072 | 0.82 | 0.199 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPFSplatV2Pose Requirement Category=Self-Supervised Pose-Free, Pose Alignment=true, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 22.776 | 0.812 | 0.227 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SHARP# total=702M, # trainable=340M2025.12 | 22.63 | 0.833 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PointSplat* + SplatFormerRemaining G (%)=10%, Method Category=Geometry-Driven2026.04 | 22.59 | 0.847 | 0.375 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AnySplatApproach=Feed-forward, Hardware=NVIDIA H200 GPU2026.03 | 22.337 | 0.757 | 0.236 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 94.6 | — | — | |
| SPFSplatPose Requirement Category=Self-Supervised Pose-Free, Pose Alignment=true, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 22.312 | 0.793 | 0.243 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Uni3Rzero-shot=true, trained on=RE10k2025.08 | 22.221 | — | 0.227 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| S³NERF2025.03 | 22.21 | 0.787 | 0.364 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NoPoSplatzero-shot=true, trained on=RE10k2025.08 | 22.136 | — | 0.232 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NoPoSplatPose Requirement Category=Supervised Pose-Free, Pose Alignment=true, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 22.136 | 0.798 | 0.232 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PointSplat*Remaining G (%)=10%, Method Category=Geometry-Driven, Refinement=No (Direct Evaluation)2026.04 | 21.88 | 0.838 | 0.377 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LightGaussian*Remaining G (%)=10%, Method Category=Scene-Specific / Image-Driven, Refinement=No (Direct Evaluation)2026.04 | 21.87 | 0.836 | 0.278 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPFSplatV2-LPose Requirement Category=Self-Supervised Pose-Free, Pose Alignment=false, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 21.796 | 0.811 | 0.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RayZerSelf-supervised=true, Training Data=7 datasets2025.12 | 21.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3DGSDUSt3R initialization=true2025.03 | 21.41 | 0.817 | 0.211 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SplatFormerRemaining G (%)=50%, Method Category=Geometry-Driven2026.04 | 21.27 | 0.857 | 0.348 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FSGSDUSt3R initialization=true2025.03 | 21.23 | 0.813 | 0.257 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| YoNoSplatPose Requirement Category=Pose-Required, Pose Alignment=false, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 21.075 | 0.744 | 0.254 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPFSplatV2Pose Requirement Category=Self-Supervised Pose-Free, Pose Alignment=false, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 20.919 | 0.771 | 0.243 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Gen3C# total=7.7B, # trainable=7.4B*2025.12 | 20.82 | 0.792 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DepthSplatPose Requirement Category=Pose-Required, Pose Alignment=false, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 20.775 | 0.76 | 0.254 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| E-RayZerSelf-supervised=true, Training Data=7 datasets2025.12 | 20.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DNGaussianDUSt3R initialization=true2025.03 | 20.68 | 0.788 | 0.281 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RayZerSelf-supervised=true, Training Data=DL3DV [33]2025.12 | 20.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LVSM# total=314M, # trainable=314M2025.12 | 20.25 | 0.775 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FreeNeRF2025.03 | 20.17 | 0.756 | 0.368 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| E-RayZerSelf-supervised=true, Training Data=DL3DV [33]2025.12 | 20.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPFSplatPose Requirement Category=Self-Supervised Pose-Free, Pose Alignment=false, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 19.971 | 0.738 | 0.265 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PUP-3DGS*Remaining G (%)=10%, Method Category=Scene-Specific / Image-Driven, Refinement=No (Direct Evaluation)2026.04 | 19.82 | 0.803 | 0.305 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DietNeRF2025.03 | 19.76 | 0.719 | 0.431 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Mip-NeRF2025.03 | 19.58 | 0.755 | 0.389 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DNGaussian2025.03 | 19.01 | 0.754 | 0.367 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AEGIRTime (m)=55.02026.06 | 18.55 | 0.83 | 0.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| pixelSplatzero-shot=true, trained on=RE10k2025.08 | 18.434 | — | 0.277 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| pixelSplatPose Requirement Category=Pose-Required, Pose Alignment=false, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 18.422 | 0.72 | 0.278 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Flash3D# total=399M, # trainable=52M2025.12 | 18.14 | 0.641 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GS-IDTime (m)=55.02026.06 | 18.02 | 0.82 | 0.21 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Depth-Anything-3Approach=Feed-forward, Hardware=NVIDIA H200 GPU2026.03 | 17.973 | 0.666 | 0.441 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 105.5 | — | — | |
| FSGS2025.03 | 17.95 | 0.73 | 0.373 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NeILF++Time (m)=180.02026.06 | 17.54 | 0.83 | 0.22 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| E-RayZerSelf-supervised=true, Training Data=RE10K [81]2025.12 | 17.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| IRGSTime (m)=50.02026.06 | 17.48 | 0.82 | 0.39 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MVSplatPose Requirement Category=Pose-Required, Pose Alignment=false, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 17.138 | 0.687 | 0.297 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MVSplatzero-shot=true, trained on=RE10k2025.08 | 17.125 | — | 0.297 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PF3platPose Requirement Category=Self-Supervised Pose-Free, Pose Alignment=false, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 16.471 | 0.688 | 0.303 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TMPI# total=957M, # trainable=6M2025.12 | 16.16 | 0.712 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AnySplatPose Requirement Category=Self-Supervised Pose-Free, Pose Alignment=false, Training Dataset=Mixed (including DL3DV and ScanNet++)2025.09 | 15.804 | 0.661 | 0.358 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PanoPlaneinput_views=62026.05 | 15.76 | 0.66 | 0.42 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| S2GSinference_mode=Zero-shot, input_views=322026.03 | 15.33 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| IRISTime (m)=60.02026.06 | 15.22 | 0.8 | 0.23 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| InfoNeRF2025.03 | 14.54 | 0.646 | 0.495 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPFSplatSelf-supervised=false, Training Data=RE10K [81] (+ extra), Initialization=MASt3R [12]2025.12 | 14 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| G4Splatinput_views=62026.05 | 13.86 | 0.53 | 0.51 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SparseGSinput_views=62026.05 | 13.8 | 0.52 | 0.48 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FSGSinput_views=62026.05 | 13.61 | 0.6 | 0.48 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ViewCrafter# total=3.17B, # trainable=2.6B*2025.12 | 13.3 | 0.645 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SelfSplatPose Requirement Category=Self-Supervised Pose-Free, Pose Alignment=false, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 13.277 | 0.538 | 0.534 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3DGSinput_views=62026.05 | 13.14 | 0.55 | 0.45 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SIU3Rinference_mode=Zero-shot, input_views=322026.03 | 12.85 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| InstantSplatinput_views=62026.05 | 12.68 | 0.59 | 0.46 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SVC# total=2.33B, # trainable=1.26B*2025.12 | 11.71 | 0.624 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SplatFormerRemaining G (%)=30%, Method Category=Geometry-Driven2026.04 | 11.66 | 0.691 | 0.509 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GaMOinput_views=62026.05 | 11.01 | 0.44 | 0.58 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SplatFormerRemaining G (%)=10%, Method Category=Geometry-Driven2026.04 | 10.62 | 0.691 | 0.569 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3DGS (Dense)G (%)=100%, #G=588K2026.04 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 207.41 | 145.92 | |
| ESLAM2026.03 | — | — | — | — | — | 13.63 | 11.86 | 11.83 | 10.59 | 10.64 | 11.71 | — | — | — | |
| Flash3DGPU=A1002025.12 | — | — | — | 0.155 | 0.004 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Gaussian-SLAM2026.03 | — | — | — | — | — | 26.66 | 24.42 | 15.01 | 18.35 | 21.91 | 21.27 | — | — | — | |
| Gen3CGPU=A1002025.12 | — | — | — | 836.455 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LightGaussianG (%)=50%, #G=294K2026.04 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 213.3 | 72.96 | |
| LightGaussianG (%)=30%, #G=176K2026.04 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 253.42 | 43.78 |