Image Watermarking on MS-COCO
41.81PSNRSSL
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SSL2025.12 | 41.81 | 0.98 | 0.06 | 1 | 0.952 | 0.046 | 1 | 0.996 | 0.038 | 0 | 0.992 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CIN2025.12 | 41.77 | 0.98 | 0.02 | 1 | 0.216 | 0.944 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.666 | 1 | 0.662 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RivaGAN2025.12 | 40.57 | 0.98 | 0.04 | 1 | 0 | 0.984 | 1 | 0.998 | 1 | 0.01 | 0.996 | 0.01 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AdvMarkImage Size=256 × 256, n=1002026.02 | 38.9 | 0.99 | 0.01 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AdvMarkImage Size=256 × 256, n=642026.02 | 38.4 | 0.99 | 0.01 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DwtDctSvd2025.12 | 38.06 | 0.98 | 0.02 | 1 | 0 | 0.746 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.998 | 0.032 | 0.098 | 0.016 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DwtDct2025.12 | 37.88 | 0.97 | 0.02 | 0.79 | 0 | 0 | 0.156 | 0 | 0.687 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AdvMarkImage Size=128 × 128, n=482026.02 | 37.2 | 0.99 | 0.01 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AdvMarkImage Size=128 × 128, n=302026.02 | 37 | 0.99 | 0.01 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| EditGuardImage Size=256 × 256, n=642026.02 | 36.3 | 0.95 | 0.04 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MELB2025.12 | 36.07 | 0.99 | 0.007 | 1 | 0.973 | 0.969 | 0.991 | 0.16 | 0.877 | 0.02 | 0.606 | 0.041 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DwtDctSvdImage Size=256 × 256, n=302026.02 | 35.8 | 0.98 | 0.03 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PIMoGImage Size=128 × 128, n=302026.02 | 35.8 | 0.95 | 0.08 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| VINEImage Size=256 × 256, n=1002026.02 | 35.5 | 0.98 | 0.01 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DADWImage Size=128 × 128, n=302026.02 | 33.4 | 0.98 | 0.05 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MBRSImage Size=128 × 128, n=302026.02 | 32.1 | 0.95 | 0.09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Stable SignatureImage Size=128 × 128, n=482026.02 | 30.5 | 0.94 | 0.12 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| HiDDeNImage Size=128 × 128, n=302026.02 | 30.3 | 0.94 | 0.14 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| StegaStampImage Size=256 × 256, n=642026.02 | 29.8 | 0.93 | 0.15 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ZoDiac2025.12 | 29.41 | 0.92 | 0.09 | 0.998 | 0.538 | 0.992 | 0.996 | 0.998 | 0.996 | 0.986 | 0.998 | 0.996 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| StegaStamp2025.12 | 28.64 | 0.91 | 0.13 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0.998 | 0.998 | 1 | 0.998 | 0.998 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AquaLoRAType=Fine-tuning, Plug&Play=false, Multi-bit=48 bits2026.03 | 17.49 | — | 0.2872 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 92.51 | — | 99.4 | 46.87 | 3.61 | |
| Stable SignatureType=Fine-tuning, Plug&Play=false, Multi-bit=48 bits2026.03 | 12.96 | — | 0.5282 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 99.81 | — | 100 | 65.13 | 5.96 | |
| Tree-RingType=Sampling, Plug&Play=true, Multi-bit=0 bit2026.03 | 8.98 | — | 0.7349 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 100 | 70.22 | 6.63 | |
| DiffMarkType=Sampling, Plug&Play=true, Multi-bit=64 bits2026.03 | 8.91 | — | 0.7343 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 94.07 | — | 100 | 67.86 | 5.74 | |
| Shallow DiffuseType=Sampling, Plug&Play=true, Multi-bit=0 bit2026.03 | 8.89 | — | 0.7444 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 100 | 68.77 | 6.5 | |
| StegaStampType=Post Generation, Plug&Play=false, Multi-bit=100 bits2026.03 | 8.79 | — | 0.7809 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 99.86 | — | 100 | 159.57 | 32.34 | |
| RingIDType=Sampling, Plug&Play=true, Multi-bit=11 bits2026.03 | 8.66 | — | 0.7405 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 102.34 | 10.33 | |
| AquaLoRA2026.03 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 1 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 1 | — | 0.99 | — | 1 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 1 | 0.94 | 0.99 | 1 | 0.91 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DiffMark2026.03 | — | — | — | — | 0.02 | 1 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.99 | — | 1 | — | 1 | 0.01 | 0.97 | 1 | 1 | 0.74 | 1 | 0.75 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RingID2026.03 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 0.99 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | 0.05 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.55 | 0.67 | 0.87 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Shallow Diffuse2026.03 | — | — | — | — | 0.03 | 1 | 0.03 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | 0.02 | 0.97 | 1 | 0.99 | 0.72 | 1 | 0.75 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Stable Signature2026.03 | — | — | — | — | 0.98 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 1 | 1 | 0.69 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| StegaStamp2026.03 | — | — | — | — | 0.01 | 1 | 0.43 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | 0.42 | 1 | 0.98 | 0.89 | 1 | 1 | 0.83 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Tree-Ring2026.03 | — | — | — | — | 0.52 | 0.9 | 0.44 | 0.86 | 0.82 | — | 0.76 | — | 0.78 | 0.09 | 0.68 | 0.91 | 0.88 | 0.5 | 0.91 | 0.7 | — | — | — | — | — |