Image Classification on VisDA 17
99.6Aero AccuracyAD-CLIP
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AD-CLIPBackbone=ViT-B/16, Mode=prompt learning2024.03 | 99.6 | 92.8 | 94 | 78.6 | 98.8 | 95.4 | 96.8 | 83.9 | 91.5 | 95.8 | 95.5 | 65.7 | 90.7 | — | |
| DAPromptBackbone=ViT-B/16, Mode=prompt learning2024.03 | 99.2 | 92.5 | 93.3 | 75.4 | 98.6 | 92.8 | 95.2 | 82.5 | 89.3 | 96.5 | 95.1 | 63.5 | 89.5 | — | |
| ViT-BBackbone=ViT-B/16, Mode=fine-tuning2024.03 | 99.1 | 60.7 | 70.6 | 82.7 | 96.5 | 73.1 | 97.1 | 19.7 | 64.5 | 94.7 | 97.2 | 15.4 | 72.6 | — | |
| CLIPBackbone=ViT-B/16, Mode=zero-shot2024.03 | 99.1 | 91.7 | 93.8 | 76.7 | 98.4 | 91.7 | 95.3 | 82.7 | 86.5 | 96 | 94.6 | 60.5 | 88.9 | — | |
| SSRT-BBackbone=ViT-B/16, Mode=fine-tuning2024.03 | 98.9 | 87.6 | 89.1 | 84.8 | 98.3 | 98.7 | 96.3 | 81.1 | 94.9 | 97.9 | 94.5 | 43.1 | 88.8 | — | |
| DAMPBackbone=ViT-B/16, Mode=prompt learning2024.03 | 98.7 | 92.8 | 91.7 | 80.1 | 98.9 | 96.9 | 94.9 | 83.2 | 93.9 | 94.9 | 94.8 | 70.2 | 90.9 | — | |
| AEMType=BBDA, ViL=true2026.03 | 98.6 | 88.1 | 89.7 | 74.8 | 98 | 93.9 | 93 | 89.3 | 90.1 | 97.2 | 95.2 | 63.5 | 89.3 | — | |
| BBCType=BBDA, ViL=true2026.03 | 98.5 | 92.7 | 87.3 | 78.5 | 98.1 | 97.6 | 92.1 | 84.7 | 93.3 | 96.5 | 95.1 | 72.8 | 90.6 | — | |
| DDSRType=BBDA, ViL=true2026.03 | 98.4 | 92.2 | 89.7 | 75.1 | 98.4 | 97.6 | 93.2 | 83.2 | 94 | 97.3 | 94.2 | 73.1 | 90.6 | — | |
| CLIPBackbone=ResNet-101, Mode=zero-shot2024.03 | 98.2 | 83.9 | 90.5 | 73.5 | 97.2 | 84 | 95.3 | 65.7 | 79.4 | 89.9 | 91.8 | 63.3 | 84.4 | — | |
| AD-CLIPBackbone=ResNet-101, Mode=prompt learning2024.03 | 98.1 | 83.6 | 91.2 | 76.6 | 98.1 | 93.4 | 96 | 81.4 | 86.4 | 91.5 | 92.1 | 64.2 | 87.7 | — | |
| PADCLIPBackbone=ViT-B/16, Mode=fine-tuning2024.03 | 98.1 | 93.8 | 87.1 | 85.5 | 98 | 96 | 94.4 | 86 | 94.9 | 93.3 | 93.5 | 70.2 | 90.9 | — | |
| SEALType=BBDA, ViL=false2026.03 | 97.9 | 92.2 | 88 | 73.5 | 97.1 | 96.1 | 92.4 | 85.7 | 93.9 | 95.6 | 91.2 | 66.4 | 89.2 | — | |
| DAPromptBackbone=ResNet-101, Mode=prompt learning2024.03 | 97.8 | 83.1 | 88.8 | 77.9 | 97.4 | 91.5 | 94.2 | 79.7 | 88.6 | 89.3 | 92.5 | 62 | 86.9 | — | |
| DAPLType=UDA, ViL=true2026.03 | 97.8 | 83.1 | 88.8 | 77.9 | 97.4 | 91.5 | 94.2 | 79.7 | 88.6 | 89.3 | 92.5 | 62 | 86.9 | — | |
| HMA(CAN)Type=UDA, ViL=false2026.03 | 97.6 | 88.4 | 84.3 | 76 | 98.4 | 97.1 | 91.3 | 81.4 | 97 | 96.7 | 88.8 | 60.7 | 88.1 | — | |
| TPDSType=SFDA, ViL=false2026.03 | 97.6 | 91.5 | 89.7 | 83.4 | 97.5 | 96.3 | 92.2 | 82.4 | 96 | 94.1 | 90.9 | 40.4 | 87.6 | — | |
| AaDType=SFDA, ViL=false2026.03 | 97.4 | 90.5 | 80.8 | 76.2 | 97.3 | 96.1 | 89.8 | 82.9 | 95.5 | 93 | 92 | 64.7 | 88 | — | |
| DAMPBackbone=ResNet-101, Mode=prompt learning2024.03 | 97.3 | 91.6 | 89.1 | 76.4 | 97.5 | 94 | 92.3 | 84.5 | 91.2 | 88.1 | 91.2 | 67 | 88.4 | — | |
| CDTransBackbone=DeiT-B [50], Mode=fine-tuning2024.03 | 97.1 | 90.5 | 82.4 | 77.5 | 96.6 | 96.1 | 93.6 | 88.6 | 97.9 | 86.9 | 90.3 | 62.8 | 88.4 | — | |
| CANBackbone=ResNet-101, Mode=fine-tuning2024.03 | 97 | 87.2 | 82.5 | 74.3 | 97.8 | 96.2 | 90.8 | 80.7 | 96.6 | 96.3 | 87.5 | 59.9 | 87.2 | — | |
| PADCLIPBackbone=ResNet-101, Mode=fine-tuning2024.03 | 96.7 | 88.8 | 87 | 82.8 | 97.1 | 93 | 91.3 | 83 | 95.5 | 91.8 | 91.5 | 63 | 88.5 | — | |
| MIC2025.12 | 96.7 | 88.5 | 84.2 | 74.3 | 96 | 96.3 | 90.2 | 81.2 | 94.3 | 95.4 | 88.9 | 56.6 | 86.9 | 11.3 | |
| RAINType=BBDA, ViL=false2026.03 | 96.6 | 86.8 | 83 | 70.9 | 94.5 | 81.8 | 84.2 | 83.6 | 90.9 | 89.5 | 89.4 | 64 | 82.7 | — | |
| MLRType=BBDA, ViL=false2026.03 | 96.5 | 88.5 | 82.6 | 69.4 | 96 | 96.3 | 89.3 | 81.8 | 96 | 95.7 | 93.1 | 56.2 | 86.8 | — | |
| MIC + BLDAbaseline=MIC2025.12 | 96.2 | 90.3 | 82.8 | 81.2 | 95.7 | 96.7 | 93.4 | 86.5 | 95.7 | 94.3 | 91 | 65.7 | 89.1 | 8.7 | |
| FixBiType=UDA, ViL=false2026.03 | 96.1 | 87.8 | 90.5 | 90.3 | 96.8 | 95.3 | 92.8 | 88.7 | 97.2 | 94.2 | 90.9 | 25.7 | 87.2 | — | |
| SDAT2025.12 | 95.8 | 85.5 | 76.9 | 69 | 93.5 | 97.4 | 88.5 | 78.2 | 93.1 | 91.6 | 86.3 | 55.3 | 84.3 | 11.9 | |
| RFCType=BBDA, ViL=false2026.03 | 95.6 | 89.7 | 87.8 | 75.8 | 96.5 | 96.5 | 90.4 | 82.8 | 96 | 70 | 85.7 | 55.1 | 85.2 | — | |
| DINEType=BBDA, ViL=false2026.03 | 95.3 | 85.9 | 80.1 | 53.4 | 93 | 37.7 | 80.7 | 79.2 | 86.3 | 89.9 | 85.7 | 60.4 | 77.3 | — | |
| 3C-GANSource-data free=true2021.10 | 94.8 | 73.4 | 68.8 | 74.8 | 93.1 | 95.4 | 88.6 | 84.7 | 89.1 | 84.7 | 83.5 | 48.1 | 81.6 | — | |
| SHOT + HCLSource-data free=true2021.10 | 94.3 | 87 | 82.6 | 70.6 | 92 | 93.2 | 87 | 80.6 | 89.6 | 86.8 | 84.6 | 58.7 | 83.9 | — | |
| SHOTType=SFDA, ViL=false2026.03 | 94.3 | 88.5 | 80.1 | 57.3 | 93.1 | 94.9 | 80.7 | 80.3 | 91.5 | 89.1 | 86.3 | 58.2 | 82.9 | — | |
| 3C-GAN + HCLSource-data free=true2021.10 | 93.8 | 86.6 | 84.1 | 74.3 | 93.2 | 95 | 88.4 | 85 | 90.4 | 85.2 | 84.5 | 49.8 | 84.2 | — | |
| SHOTSource-data free=true2021.10 | 93.7 | 86.4 | 78.7 | 50.7 | 91 | 93.5 | 79 | 78.3 | 89.2 | 85.4 | 87.9 | 51.1 | 80.4 | — | |
| CGDMBackbone=ResNet-101, Mode=fine-tuning2024.03 | 93.4 | 82.7 | 73.2 | 68.4 | 92.9 | 94.5 | 88.7 | 82.1 | 93.4 | 82.5 | 86.8 | 49.2 | 82.3 | — | |
| HCLSource-data free=true2021.10 | 93.3 | 85.4 | 80.7 | 68.5 | 91 | 88.1 | 86 | 78.6 | 86.6 | 88.8 | 80 | 74.7 | 83.5 | — | |
| TVT-BBackbone=ViT-B/16, Mode=fine-tuning2024.03 | 92.9 | 85.6 | 77.5 | 60.5 | 93.6 | 98.2 | 89.4 | 76.4 | 93.6 | 92 | 91.7 | 55.7 | 83.9 | — | |
| MCC2025.12 | 88.1 | 80.3 | 80.5 | 71.5 | 90.1 | 93.2 | 85 | 71.6 | 89.4 | 73.8 | 85 | 36.9 | 78.8 | 14.4 | |
| CRSTSource-data free=false2021.10 | 88 | 79.2 | 61 | 60 | 87.5 | 81.4 | 86.3 | 78.8 | 85.6 | 86.6 | 73.9 | 68.8 | 78.1 | — | |
| CBSTSource-data free=false2021.10 | 87.2 | 78.8 | 56.5 | 55.4 | 85.1 | 79.2 | 83.8 | 77.7 | 82.8 | 88.8 | 69 | 72 | 76.4 | — | |
| MCDSource-data free=false2021.10 | 87 | 60.9 | 83.7 | 64 | 88.9 | 79.6 | 84.7 | 76.9 | 88.6 | 40.3 | 83 | 25.8 | 71.9 | — | |
| MCDType=UDA, ViL=false2026.03 | 87 | 60.9 | 83.7 | 64 | 88.9 | 79.6 | 84.7 | 76.9 | 88.6 | 40.3 | 83 | 25.8 | 71.9 | — | |
| DANNSource-data free=false2021.10 | 81.9 | 77.7 | 82.8 | 44.3 | 81.2 | 29.5 | 65.1 | 28.6 | 51.9 | 54.6 | 82.8 | 7.8 | 57.4 | — | |
| ENTSource-data free=false2021.10 | 80.3 | 75.5 | 75.8 | 48.3 | 77.9 | 27.3 | 69.7 | 40.2 | 46.5 | 46.6 | 79.3 | 16 | 57 | — | |
| SourceType=-, ViL=false2026.03 | 57.1 | 11.9 | 50.5 | 73.1 | 43.8 | 4.2 | 60.1 | 12.2 | 55.3 | 21.1 | 87.2 | 6.5 | 43.4 | — | |
| RN-101Backbone=ResNet-101, Mode=fine-tuning2024.03 | 55.1 | 53.3 | 61.9 | 59.1 | 80.6 | 17.9 | 79.7 | 31.2 | 81 | 26.5 | 73.5 | 8.5 | 52.4 | — |