ResearchBenchmarksFederated Learning Communication Cost on WUSTL_IIoTFederated Learning Communication Cost on WUSTL_IIoTFollow1.81P-value (vs BFL)DyHFL1.5983.0294.465.891Apr 7, 2026Evaluation resultsMethodMethodLinksP-value (vs BFL)P-value (vs Fedbuff)P-value (vs ASR_Fed)P-value (vs Async)P-value (vs Sync)DyHFLAgents=40Agents=402026.041.812.991.251.412.16DyHFLAgents=80Agents=802026.043.098.334.231.144.55DyHFLAgents=100Agents=1002026.044.556.462.172.498.1DyHFLAgents=20Agents=202026.047.116.921.171.933.59