Change Detection on LEVIR-CD (test)
92.62F1 ScoreSEED
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SEEDExchange Scheme=Layer-Exchange (LE)2026.01 | 92.62 | 94.32 | 90.97 | — | 99.26 | 86.25 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SEEDExchange Scheme=Feature Map Spatial-Exchange (SE)2026.01 | 92.61 | 93.83 | 91.42 | — | 99.26 | 86.24 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RSBuilding2026.01 | 92.59 | 93.39 | 91.8 | — | — | 86.19 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SkySense2025.03 | 92.58 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MTP-IMP2025.03 | 92.54 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FTransDF-Net2026.01 | 92.5 | 93.62 | 91.4 | — | — | 86.04 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SEEDExchange Scheme=Feature Map Channel-Exchange (CE)2026.01 | 92.49 | 93.94 | 91.08 | — | 99.25 | 86.03 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| UA-BCD2026.01 | 92.47 | 93.38 | 91.57 | — | — | 85.99 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CLAFA-LWGANet-L2#P (M)=16.1, FLOPs (B)=22.12025.01 | 92.42 | 93.25 | — | — | — | 85.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| HASNet2026.01 | 92.42 | 92.8 | 92.04 | — | 99.53 | 85.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CDNeXt2026.01 | 92.39 | 93.91 | 90.92 | — | 99.24 | 85.86 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SGSLNResolution=5122023.11 | 92.33 | 93.07 | 91.61 | — | — | 85.76 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DynamicVis-L2×Backbone=Large, Scale=2x2025.03 | 92.32 | 93.97 | 90.48 | — | — | 85.31 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FCCDN2023.11 | 92.25 | 92.96 | 91.55 | — | — | 85.61 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FTA-Net2026.01 | 92.23 | 91.79 | 92.68 | — | — | 85.58 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RCDT2026.01 | 92.18 | 91.12 | 93.27 | — | — | 85.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ChangeRWKV-BParams (M)=20.50, FLOPs (G)=33.562026.03 | 92.16 | 92.86 | 91.46 | — | — | 85.46 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SGANet2026.01 | 92.14 | 93.3 | 91.03 | — | — | 85.45 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MIFNet2026.01 | 92.1 | 93.37 | 90.87 | — | — | 85.35 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NeXt2Former-CDExtra training data=LVD-1689M2026.02 | 92.1 | — | — | — | 99.202 | 85.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SFFCE-CD2026.01 | 92.08 | 93 | 91.18 | — | 99.2 | 85.32 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ChangeRWKV-SParams (M)=12.00, FLOPs (G)=18.152026.03 | 92.08 | 93 | 91.17 | — | — | 85.32 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Scale-MAE2025.03 | 92.07 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DynamicVis-B2×Backbone=Base, Scale=2x2025.03 | 92.05 | 93.79 | 90.36 | — | — | 85.19 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CLAFA#P (M)=14.7, FLOPs (B)=22.02025.01 | 92.01 | 92.96 | — | — | — | 85.21 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| P2V-CD2025.03 | 91.94 | 93.32 | 90.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SGSLNResolution=2562023.11 | 91.93 | 92.71 | 91.17 | — | — | 85.07 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RCTNetBackbone=RegNet, Params=13.8M, FLOPs=7.65G2024.07 | 91.93 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| STDF-CD2026.01 | 91.92 | 92.85 | 91.01 | — | 99.12 | 85.05 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SARAS-Net (V2)Backbone=ResNet502022.12 | 91.91 | 91.97 | 91.85 | — | 99.1 | 84.95 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| M-CDExtra training data=ImageNet 1k2026.02 | 91.9 | — | — | — | 99.185 | 85 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DynamicVis-LBackbone=Large2025.03 | 91.9 | 93.52 | 90.15 | — | — | 84.81 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BAN-CF-b0Param (M)=4.342023.12 | 91.86 | 93.47 | 90.3 | — | — | — | 84.94 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| A2Net-LWGANet-L0#P (M)=2.91, FLOPs (B)=2.762025.01 | 91.86 | 92.81 | — | — | — | 84.94 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BAN-BITParam (M)=3.802023.12 | 91.85 | 92.83 | 90.89 | — | — | — | 84.93 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BAN-BIT2025.03 | 91.85 | 92.83 | 90.89 | — | — | 84.93 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RingMo-BIT-SwinBBackbone=Swin-B2025.03 | 91.85 | 92.47 | 91.17 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ChangeRWKV-TParams (M)=4.66, FLOPs (G)=9.402026.03 | 91.85 | 92.41 | 91.29 | — | — | 84.92 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CGCCE-Net2025.08 | 91.84 | 94.8 | 89.05 | — | — | 84.91 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| C2FNet2025.03 | 91.83 | 93.69 | 90.04 | — | — | 84.89 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DynamicVis-BBackbone=Base2025.03 | 91.82 | 93.65 | 90.09 | — | — | 84.75 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ChangeViT-TBackbone=ViT-T2025.03 | 91.81 | — | — | — | — | 84.86 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MFCF-Net2026.01 | 91.79 | 92.76 | 90.84 | — | 99.17 | 84.82 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| STFF-GA2026.01 | 91.78 | 92.46 | 91.1 | — | — | 84.81 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ChangerExBackbone=ResNet18, #Param (M)=11.39, MACs (G)=23.71, Resolution=512x5122022.09 | 91.77 | 92.97 | 90.61 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DFPF-Net2026.03 | 91.77 | 94.33 | 89.35 | — | — | 84.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| HCGMNet2025.03 | 91.77 | 92.96 | 90.61 | — | — | 84.79 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ChangerEx2025.03 | 91.77 | 92.97 | 90.61 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GFM2025.03 | 91.73 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ChangerADBackbone=ResNet18, #Param (M)=11.46, MACs (G)=23.71, Resolution=512x5122022.09 | 91.7 | 93.34 | 90.12 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DynamicVis-L†Backbone=Large, Variant=†2025.03 | 91.69 | 92.73 | 90.69 | — | — | 84.66 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BAN-stacked-blocksParam (M)=2.142023.12 | 91.66 | 92.72 | 90.64 | — | — | — | 84.61 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| T-UNet2023.08 | 91.63 | 92.6 | 90.68 | — | 99.16 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CMCD2026.01 | 91.6 | 92.74 | 90.48 | — | — | 84.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SiamixFormer-5Input shape=256x256, Params(M)=175.15, FLOPS(G)=27.012022.08 | 91.58 | — | — | — | — | 85.38 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| HATNet2026.01 | 91.55 | 92.9 | 90.23 | — | — | 84.41 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CSVIG#P (M)=38.0, FLOPs (B)=2032025.01 | 91.52 | 92.35 | — | — | — | 84.37 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ChangeTitansParams (M)=27.15, FLOPs (G)=30.392026.02 | 91.52 | 92.49 | 90.56 | — | — | 84.36 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GRAD-FormerType=Transformer-based, Publication=-2026.03 | 91.52 | — | — | — | 99.14 | 84.36 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Changen (ours)Pre-train from=Changen-90k, Backbone=MiT-B1, #Params=+0, #Flops=+02023.09 | 91.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Changen2025.03 | 91.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RFANet#P (M)=2.86, FLOPs (B)=3.162025.01 | 91.49 | 92.32 | — | — | — | 84.32 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TRSANet2026.01 | 91.44 | 92.97 | 89.95 | — | 99.14 | 84.22 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ConvFormer-CD/48Params (M)=37.72, FLOPs (G)=5.142026.03 | 91.44 | 92.37 | 90.52 | — | — | 84.23 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| A2Net#P (M)=3.78, FLOPs (B)=3.052025.01 | 91.43 | 92.08 | — | — | — | 84.21 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ChangerAlignBackbone=ResNet18, #Param (M)=11.39, MACs (G)=23.71, Resolution=512x5122022.09 | 91.41 | 93.3 | 89.59 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ChangeBindParams (M)=153.70, FLOPs (G)=80.292026.03 | 91.41 | 94.93 | 88.14 | — | — | 84.18 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CBSASNetParams (M)=5.76, FLOPs (G)=31.642026.02 | 91.39 | 92.47 | 90.33 | — | — | 84.14 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CBSASNetParams (M)=5.76, FLOPs (G)=31.642026.03 | 91.39 | 92.47 | 90.33 | — | — | 84.14 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ChangeMambaParams (M)=84.7, FLOPs (G)=179.322026.02 | 91.37 | 93.87 | 89 | — | — | 84.27 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ChangeMambaParams (M)=84.70, FLOPs (G)=44.862026.03 | 91.37 | 93.87 | 89 | — | — | 84.27 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DynamicVis-B†Backbone=Base, Variant=†2025.03 | 91.34 | 93.22 | 89.54 | — | — | 84.06 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RCTNetBackbone=ResNet18, Params=14.6M, FLOPs=8.43G2024.07 | 91.33 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| UVACDInput shape=256x2562022.08 | 91.3 | — | — | — | — | 83.98 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ChangeCLIP2026.02 | 91.3 | 93.68 | 89.04 | — | — | 83.99 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ChangeCLIP-ViTBBackbone=ViT-B2025.03 | 91.3 | 93.68 | 89.04 | — | — | 83.99 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BIT(IMP-VITAEv2-S)Input shape=256x2562022.08 | 91.26 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DgFA2026.01 | 91.26 | 91.69 | 90.84 | — | 99.11 | 83.93 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ChangeStar (FarSeg + ChangeMixin)Backbone=ResNeXt-101 32x4d2021.08 | 91.25 | — | — | — | — | 83.92 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ChangeStar2025.03 | 91.25 | — | — | — | — | 83.92 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CICDType=Transformer-based, Publication=JSTARS-20252026.03 | 91.23 | — | — | — | — | 83.87 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DynamicVis-L‡Backbone=Large, Variant=‡2025.03 | 91.22 | 93 | 89.51 | — | — | 83.86 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GASNet2026.01 | 91.21 | 91.82 | 90.62 | — | 99.11 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DGANet23Params=12.28M, FLOPs=12.56G2024.07 | 91.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ChangeStarPre-train from=ImageNet-1K, Backbone=RX-101, #Params=52.5M, #Flops=39.2G2023.09 | 91.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BiTPre-train from=ImageNet-1K, Backbone=ViTAEv2-S, #Params=19.6M, #Flops=15.7G2023.09 | 91.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ICIF-Net2025.08 | 91.18 | 91.13 | 90.57 | — | — | 83.85 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ICIF-Net2026.03 | 91.18 | 91.13 | 90.57 | — | — | 83.85 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ChangeFormer*Backbone=MiT-b1, #Param (M)=20.75, MACs (G)=22.70, Resolution=512x5122022.09 | 91.11 | 92.59 | 89.68 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TransUNetCD2023.11 | 91.11 | 92.43 | 89.82 | — | — | 83.67 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| STRobustNetParams (M)=5.23, FLOPs (G)=13.192026.03 | 91.11 | 91.54 | 90.67 | — | — | 83.66 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Changer VanillaBackbone=ResNet18, #Param (M)=11.39, MACs (G)=23.65, Resolution=512x5122022.09 | 91.1 | 92.66 | 89.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RSM-CD2024.04 | 91.1 | 92.52 | 89.73 | — | — | 83.66 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RSM-CD2026.01 | 91.1 | 92.52 | 89.73 | — | — | 83.66 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Changen (ours)Pre-train from=Changen-90k, Backbone=R-18, #Params=+0, #Flops=+02023.09 | 91.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RSM-CD2025.03 | 91.1 | 92.52 | 89.73 | — | — | 83.66 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LRNet2024.04 | 91.08 | 92.19 | 90 | — | 99.1 | 83.63 | — | 72.05 | 67.96 | 70.95 | 54.78 | — | — | — | — | |
| LRNetFLOPs (G)=92.23, Params. (K)=48.71, FLOPs/Params. (K)=1.892024.04 | 91.08 | — | — | — | 99.1 | 83.63 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CCLNet++Params (M)=28.78, FLOPs (G)=23.272026.02 | 91.08 | 92.31 | 89.88 | — | — | 83.62 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CCLNet++Params (M)=28.78, FLOPs (G)=23.272026.03 | 91.08 | 92.31 | 89.88 | — | — | 83.62 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |