ResearchBenchmarksBlack-box Optimization on f32Follow1.023NPR (Mean)mCMAES0.0069820.2707560.534530.798304Jan 30, 2026Evaluation ResultsMethodMethodLinksNPR (Mean)NPR (Std)RankmCMAES2026.011.0230.1889DynDE2026.010.95770.03198mDE2026.010.92620.14397APCPSO2026.010.67230.01216DPCPSO2026.010.47370.01425PSPSO2026.010.39820.07024ACFPSO2026.010.17030.08433NBNC-PSO2026.010.07070.00322Meta-DO2026.010.04610.00291