ResearchBenchmarksAction Interception on DesktopTOCTOU-Bench Primitive BAction Interception on DesktopTOCTOU-Bench Primitive BFollow100Action Interception Rate (AIR)PUSV9597.5100102.5Apr 20, 2026Evaluation resultsMethodMethodLinksAction Interception Rate (AIR)PUSVVictim Agent Model=Cla...Victim Agent Model=Claude 4.6, Defense Status=ON, Trials per primitive=452026.04100PUSVVictim Agent Model=GPT...Victim Agent Model=GPT-4o, Defense Status=ON, Trials per primitive=452026.04100PUSVVictim Agent Model=Qwe...Victim Agent Model=Qwen3.6-plus, Defense Status=ON, Trials per primitive=452026.04100