Vulnerability Discovery on 847 historical Linux kernel CVEs Replay Mode 2019-2025
3.2Time To First Vulnerability (hrs)VCAO (full)
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VCAO (full)Sibling search=true2026.04 | 3.2 | 1.13 | 15.1 | 2.4 | 67.8 | |
| VCAO (no sib.)Sibling search=false (beta = 0)2026.04 | 3.8 | 1.02 | 15.3 | 0 | 61.7 | |
| Multi-agent (no GT)Ranking=LRM, Stackelberg optimization=false2026.04 | 5.1 | 0.81 | 24.6 | 1.3 | 48.5 | |
| Fuzz-onlyEngine=Syzkaller, Configuration=default2026.04 | 8.4 | 0.42 | 31.4 | 0 | 26.7 | |
| Static-onlyEngine=CodeQL, Configuration=standard query suites2026.04 | 9.7 | 0.59 | 47.3 | 0 | 31.2 | |
| Churn-basedRanking strategy=git commit frequency2026.04 | 11.8 | 0.39 | 38.2 | 0 | 22.1 | |
| UniformAllocation strategy=Equal budget per file2026.04 | 14.2 | 0.31 | 42.7 | 0 | 18.3 |