Visual Watermarking on SA-1B (in-distribution)
97.8Overall Bit AccuracyVideoSeal 0.0 + CAT
Evaluation Results
| Method | Links | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VideoSeal 0.0 + CATModel=VideoSeal 0.0, Bits=96, Training Protocol=Compositional Adversarial Training2026.05 | 97.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 86.03 | 98.8 | 90.3 | 99.5 | 93.28 | 97.9 | 86.26 | 99.9 | 95.34 | 99 | 90.79 | 93.5 | 78.05 | |
| VideoSeal 0.0 + CATModel bits=96, Training=Compositional Adversarial Training2026.05 | 96.6 | 99.8 | 94.75 | 97.8 | 86.93 | 98.6 | 89.21 | 95.3 | 78.6 | 99.4 | 92.22 | 82.85 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PixelSeal + CATModel=PixelSeal, Bits=128, Training Protocol=Compositional Adversarial Training2026.05 | 96.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 107.73 | 97.4 | 113.81 | 99 | 121.27 | 96.4 | 107.65 | 99.8 | 126.29 | 98.2 | 116.19 | 92.8 | 100.21 | |
| VideoSeal 0.0Model bits=96, Training=random augmentation training2026.05 | 96.1 | 99.7 | 94 | 98.4 | 88.69 | 98 | 86.86 | 94.5 | 75.58 | 99.4 | 92.33 | 81.06 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| VideoSeal 0.0Model=VideoSeal 0.0, Bits=96, Training Protocol=compute-matched baseline2026.05 | 96.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 77.79 | 97.2 | 83.44 | 98.5 | 87.84 | 96.1 | 78.08 | 99.2 | 91.4 | 97.4 | 82.79 | 93 | 72.83 | |
| PixelSealModel=PixelSeal, Bits=128, Training Protocol=compute-matched baseline2026.05 | 95.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 98.76 | 96.4 | 106.45 | 97.7 | 112.06 | 95.4 | 100.25 | 98.7 | 117.75 | 96.8 | 106.43 | 92.2 | 93.04 | |
| PixelSeal + CATModel bits=128, Training=Compositional Adversarial Training2026.05 | 92.5 | 98.6 | 117.73 | 95.6 | 102.9 | 95.7 | 102.96 | 90 | 83.05 | 97.3 | 109.36 | 91.91 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TrustMarkModel bits=1002026.05 | 88.9 | 99.6 | 98.92 | 95.6 | 86.28 | 89.8 | 79.09 | 75.4 | 50.29 | 99.3 | 97.9 | 76.08 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| InvisMarkModel bits=1002026.05 | 86.9 | 99 | 95.99 | 87.6 | 72.9 | 95.4 | 88.45 | 82.8 | 63.25 | 86.1 | 67.84 | 71.01 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| VideoSeal 1.0 + CATModel bits=256, Training=Compositional Adversarial Training2026.05 | 85.4 | 94.1 | 175.63 | 85.7 | 129.47 | 89.6 | 146.11 | 83.5 | 114.75 | 92.1 | 160.39 | 125.57 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PixelSealModel bits=128, Training=random augmentation training2026.05 | 84.9 | 91.8 | 76.46 | 89.5 | 68.65 | 88 | 63.89 | 81.9 | 48.19 | 90.2 | 70.27 | 56.21 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| VideoSeal 1.0Model bits=256, Training=random augmentation training2026.05 | 84.6 | 89.8 | 135.17 | 87.9 | 123.45 | 87.2 | 118.96 | 82.2 | 94.39 | 89.2 | 130.6 | 106.41 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MBRSModel bits=2562026.05 | 83.4 | 98.7 | 242.6 | 91.5 | 185.99 | 88.4 | 190.52 | 65.3 | 78.9 | 95.9 | 217.48 | 158.92 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TrustMarkModel=TrustMark, Bits=1002026.05 | 83.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 62.14 | 95.7 | 86.21 | 96.5 | 88.49 | 78.6 | 52.86 | 97.4 | 90.92 | 77.9 | 50.97 | 70.8 | 36.58 | |
| VideoSeal 1.0Model=VideoSeal 1.0, Bits=256, Training Protocol=compute-matched baseline2026.05 | 82.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 96.13 | 87.5 | 121.35 | 88.7 | 127.69 | 82.7 | 95.41 | 89.7 | 134.39 | 85.8 | 109.22 | 79.9 | 86.78 | |
| VideoSeal 1.0 + CATModel=VideoSeal 1.0, Bits=256, Training Protocol=Compositional Adversarial Training2026.05 | 82.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 108.3 | 84 | 121.57 | 89.1 | 145.41 | 82.6 | 109.69 | 93.8 | 172.97 | 89.4 | 141.66 | 82.5 | 111.74 | |
| InvisMarkModel=InvisMark, Bits=1002026.05 | 81.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 57.92 | 89.8 | 71.44 | 65.2 | 27.15 | 87.5 | 68.63 | 47.4 | 0.85 | 60.3 | 21.75 | 88.8 | 70.52 | |
| MBRSModel=MBRS, Bits=2562026.05 | 65.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 60.74 | 91.7 | 182.87 | 83.6 | 130.67 | 60.2 | 41.86 | 77.4 | 90.86 | 55.4 | 15.81 | 49.5 | 0.98 |