Underwater Wireless Communication on Underwater Wireless Communication Environment
100Data RateMagnetic Field
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Magnetic FieldAdvantages=Unaffected by turbidity or obstructions, Can work across air-water boundary, Minimal environmental interference, Minimally affected by obstructions, Negligible multipath/doppler effects, Minimal risk to human/marine life, Disadvantages=Bulky and dense construction, Affected by the water conductivity, High sensitivity to field alignment2024.11 | 100 | 1 | 100 | |
| Electric FieldAdvantages=Lightweight and low cost, Unaffected by turbidity, Low-loss simultaneous power/data, Disadvantages=Some risk to human or marine life, High sensitivity to alignment, Large planar area requirements2024.11 | 100 | 100 | 10 | |
| Standard RFBands=MF/HF/VHF, Advantages=Unaffected by turbidity, Minimal environmental interference, Minimally affected by obstructions, Minimal risk to human/marine life, Disadvantages=Strong attenuation in conductive media, Prone to detuning in deployment, Some sensitivity to alignment2024.11 | 100 | 1 | 100 | |
| AcousticAdvantages=Unaffected by turbidity/conductivity, Signals propagate along thermoclines, Low attenuation loss, Minimally affected by alignment, Widely adopted usage, Disadvantages=Sensitive to obstructions, High sensitivity to doppler effects, Some sensitivity to biofouling, High risk to human/marine life, Strong environmental interference, High latency2024.11 | 10 | 100 | 1 | |
| OpticalAdvantages=Low latency and low power footprint, Lightweight construction, Negligible doppler effects, Widely adopted usage, Disadvantages=Sensitive to turbidity and obstacles, High sensitivity to biofouling, Some risk to human/marine life, Strong environmental interference, High sensitivity to alignment2024.11 | 1 | 10 | 1 | |
| SEW-Based RFBands=MF/HF/VHF, Advantages=Unaffected by turbidity, Minimal environmental interference, Minimally affected by obstructions, Minimal risk to human/marine life, Disadvantages=Requires near-surface proximity2024.11 | 1 | 10 | 100 | |
| BlueME (ME-Based RF)Bands=VLF/LF/MF, Advantages=Unaffected by turbidity, Low latency and low power footprint, Minimal environmental interference, Minimally affected by obstructions, Lightweight construction, Negligible multipath/doppler effects, Minimal risk to human/marine life, Compatible with acoustic circuitry, Disadvantages=Affected by water conductivity2024.11 | 1 | 10 | 10 |