Super-Resolution on ImageNet (test)
0.186LPIPSSKILD
Evaluation Results
| Method | Links | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SKILDModel category=Unconditional diffusion, Super-resolution scale=4×, # Param. (M)=121.122026.05 | 0.186 | 0.612 | 24.1 | 0.683 | 59.226 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RSD (Ours)Distillation model=Yes, NFE=12025.03 | 0.193 | 0.681 | 24.31 | 0.657 | 58.947 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RSDModel class=Diffusion model, no T2I prior, NFE=12025.03 | 0.193 | 0.681 | 24.31 | 0.657 | 58.947 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RSD (Ours)T2I prior=no, < 180M params, NFE=12025.03 | 0.193 | 0.681 | 24.31 | 0.657 | 58.947 | — | — | — | — | 25.46 | — | |
| TSD-SRModel class=Diffusion model, used T2I prior, NFE=12025.03 | 0.197 | 0.673 | 23.58 | 0.645 | 65.299 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CTMSRModel class=Diffusion model, no T2I prior, NFE=12025.03 | 0.197 | 0.691 | 24.73 | 0.666 | 60.142 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TSD-SRT2I prior=yes, > 450M params, NFE=12025.03 | 0.197 | 0.673 | 23.58 | 0.645 | 65.299 | — | — | — | — | 20.55 | — | |
| CTMSRT2I prior=no, < 180M params, NFE=12025.03 | 0.197 | 0.691 | 24.73 | 0.666 | 60.142 | — | — | — | — | 24.19 | — | |
| ResShiftSampling steps=42026.03 | 0.1998 | 0.6147 | 27.33 | 0.753 | 65.586 | 5.87 | — | — | — | — | 4.3643 | |
| Real-HATGAN#Params=20.77M, #MACs=417G2026.02 | 0.2044 | 0.4594 | 27.15 | 0.769 | 63.43 | 4.7834 | 3.3244 | — | — | — | — | |
| I2SBModel category=Conditional diffusion-based, Super-resolution scale=4×, # Param. (M)=552.802026.05 | 0.206 | 0.489 | 26.76 | 0.73 | 53.936 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TVQ&RAP2025.09 | 0.21 | 0.73 | 22.49 | 0.603 | 63.873 | — | — | 0.1784 | 0.553 | 26.57 | — | |
| OursRuntime=38ms, Params=57M, Input Resolution=64×64, Hardware=RTX 3090 GPU2025.09 | 0.2101 | 0.73 | — | — | 63.873 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PiSA-SRModel class=Diffusion model, used T2I prior, NFE=12025.03 | 0.213 | 0.629 | 24.29 | 0.67 | 62.137 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PiSA-SRT2I prior=yes, > 450M params, NFE=12025.03 | 0.213 | 0.629 | 24.29 | 0.67 | 62.137 | — | — | — | — | 19.34 | — | |
| RSD (Ours, distill only)Distillation model=Yes, NFE=12025.03 | 0.217 | 0.66 | 23.97 | 0.643 | 57.831 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RSD (distill only)Model class=Diffusion model, no T2I prior, NFE=12025.03 | 0.217 | 0.66 | 23.97 | 0.643 | 57.831 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RSD (Ours, distill only)T2I prior=no, < 180M params, NFE=12025.03 | 0.217 | 0.66 | 23.97 | 0.643 | 57.831 | — | — | — | — | 28.93 | — | |
| SinSRNumber of inference steps=12025.09 | 0.218 | 0.611 | 24.7 | 0.663 | 53.632 | — | — | 0.1808 | 0.4161 | 25.58 | — | |
| SinSR-1Runtime=65ms, Params=119M, Input Resolution=64×64, Hardware=RTX 3090 GPU2025.09 | 0.2183 | 0.611 | — | — | 52.632 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SeeSR2026.03 | 0.2187 | 0.5868 | 26.69 | 0.7422 | 71.2412 | 4.3825 | — | — | — | — | 3.4742 | |
| SinSR2026.03 | 0.2209 | 0.6618 | 26.98 | 0.7304 | 67.7593 | 5.2623 | — | — | — | — | 3.8189 | |
| SinSRSampling steps=1, Runtime (bs=64)=0.012s, Runtime (bs=1)=0.058s, # Parameters (M)=118.592023.11 | 0.221 | 0.611 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SinSRInference Steps=12023.11 | 0.221 | 0.611 | 24.56 | 0.657 | 53.357 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SinSRModel category=Conditional diffusion-based, Super-resolution scale=4×, # Param. (M)=118.592026.05 | 0.221 | 0.611 | 24.56 | 0.657 | 53.357 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SinSRModel class=Diffusion model, no T2I prior, NFE=12025.03 | 0.221 | 0.611 | 24.56 | 0.657 | 53.357 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SinSRT2I prior=no, < 180M params, NFE=12025.03 | 0.221 | 0.611 | 24.56 | 0.657 | 53.357 | — | — | — | — | 25.85 | — | |
| SinSRInference Steps=1, variant=distill only2023.11 | 0.222 | 0.607 | 24.69 | 0.664 | 53.316 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SinSR (distill only)Model class=Diffusion model, no T2I prior, NFE=12025.03 | 0.222 | 0.607 | 24.69 | 0.664 | 53.316 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SinSR (distill only)T2I prior=no, < 180M params, NFE=12025.03 | 0.222 | 0.607 | 24.69 | 0.664 | 53.316 | — | — | — | — | 32.13 | — | |
| GenDR-Pix#Params=866M, #MACs=344G/744G, Sampling steps=12026.02 | 0.2252 | 0.7168 | 25.49 | 0.7286 | 72.85 | 4.1892 | 4.2082 | — | — | — | — | |
| ResShiftSampling steps=15, Runtime (bs=64)=0.047s, Runtime (bs=1)=0.633s, # Parameters (M)=118.592023.11 | 0.228 | 0.603 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ResShiftInference Steps=152023.11 | 0.228 | 0.603 | 24.9 | 0.673 | 53.897 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SinSR#Params=119M, #MACs=264G, Sampling steps=12026.02 | 0.2288 | 0.6607 | 26.98 | 0.7308 | 67.7 | 5.2506 | 3.809 | — | — | — | — | |
| ResShift-VSDModel class=Diffusion model, no T2I prior, NFE=12025.03 | 0.23 | 0.665 | 23.69 | 0.624 | 58.63 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ResShift-VSD (Appendix A.1)T2I prior=no, < 180M params, NFE=12025.03 | 0.23 | 0.665 | 23.69 | 0.624 | 58.63 | — | — | — | — | 32.22 | — | |
| Real-ESRGAN#Params=16.70M, #MACs=293G2026.02 | 0.2303 | 0.509 | 26.62 | 0.7523 | 64.81 | 4.4909 | 3.423 | — | — | — | — | |
| RealESRGAN2026.03 | 0.2303 | 0.509 | 26.62 | 0.7523 | 64.8186 | 4.4909 | — | — | — | — | 3.7234 | |
| ResShiftModel category=Conditional diffusion-based, Super-resolution scale=4×, # Param. (M)=118.592026.05 | 0.231 | 0.592 | 25.01 | 0.677 | 53.66 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ResShiftDistillation model=No, NFE=152025.03 | 0.231 | 0.592 | 25.01 | 0.677 | 53.66 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ResShiftModel class=Diffusion model, no T2I prior, NFE=152025.03 | 0.231 | 0.592 | 25.01 | 0.677 | 53.66 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ResShiftT2I prior=no, < 180M params, NFE=152025.03 | 0.231 | 0.592 | 25.01 | 0.677 | 53.66 | — | — | — | — | 30.34 | — | |
| StableSR#Params=1410M, #MACs=79940G, Sampling steps=502026.02 | 0.2327 | 0.5768 | 26 | 0.7317 | 64.54 | 4.9378 | 3.4378 | — | — | — | — | |
| AdaCode2025.09 | 0.237 | 0.663 | 23.3 | 0.626 | 53.95 | — | — | 0.2046 | 0.4171 | 40.59 | — | |
| ResShiftNumber of inference steps=152025.09 | 0.237 | 0.586 | 24.94 | 0.674 | 53.182 | — | — | 0.1716 | 0.4191 | 19.53 | — | |
| AdaCodeRuntime=104ms, Params=57M, Input Resolution=64×64, Hardware=RTX 3090 GPU2025.09 | 0.237 | 0.663 | — | — | 53.95 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ResShift-15Runtime=689ms, Params=119M, Input Resolution=64×64, Hardware=RTX 3090 GPU2025.09 | 0.2371 | 0.586 | — | — | 53.128 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SwinIR2023.11 | 0.238 | 0.564 | 23.99 | 0.667 | 53.79 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SwinIR2025.09 | 0.238 | 0.564 | 23.99 | 0.667 | 53.79 | — | — | 0.2058 | 0.3882 | 35.73 | — | |
| SwinIRModel category=GAN-based, Super-resolution scale=4×, # Param. (M)=16.702026.05 | 0.238 | 0.564 | 23.99 | 0.667 | 53.79 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SwinIRModel class=Transformer, NFE=12025.03 | 0.238 | 0.564 | 23.99 | 0.667 | 53.79 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CCSRModel class=Diffusion model, used T2I prior, NFE=12025.03 | 0.238 | 0.602 | 24.79 | 0.677 | 61.789 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LPNSRSampling steps=42026.03 | 0.2424 | 0.6921 | 26.11 | 0.7054 | 71.7105 | 4.3807 | — | — | — | — | 3.1995 | |
| FeMaSR2025.09 | 0.243 | 0.662 | 22.35 | 0.606 | 55.93 | — | — | 0.2089 | 0.4721 | 43.39 | — | |
| FeMaSRRuntime=57ms, Params=34M, Input Resolution=64×64, Hardware=RTX 3090 GPU2025.09 | 0.243 | 0.662 | — | — | 55.93 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| OSEDiff#Params=1775M, #MACs=2265G, Sampling steps=12026.02 | 0.2431 | 0.6778 | 24.82 | 0.7017 | 71.74 | 4.2786 | 4.0674 | — | — | — | — | |
| AdcSR#Params=456M, #MACs=496G, Sampling steps=12026.02 | 0.2432 | 0.7055 | 25.07 | 0.6982 | 72.21 | 4.1947 | 4.1382 | — | — | — | — | |
| BSRGAN#Params=16.70M, #MACs=293G2026.02 | 0.2437 | 0.5703 | 27.05 | 0.7453 | 67.72 | 4.5345 | 3.6057 | — | — | — | — | |
| BSRGAN2026.03 | 0.2437 | 0.5703 | 27.05 | 0.7453 | 67.7195 | 4.5345 | — | — | — | — | 3.7111 | |
| LDMSampling steps=100, Runtime (bs=64)=0.249s, Runtime (bs=1)=3.902s, # Parameters (M)=113.602023.11 | 0.244 | 0.62 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| UPSRNumber of inference steps=52025.09 | 0.246 | 0.633 | 23.77 | 0.63 | 59.227 | — | — | 0.2017 | 0.4591 | 37.92 | — | |
| UPSR-5Runtime=230ms, Params=119M, Input Resolution=64×64, Hardware=RTX 3090 GPU2025.09 | 0.246 | 0.633 | — | — | 59.227 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DreamClear#Params=2212M, Sampling steps=502026.02 | 0.2463 | 0.7646 | 24.76 | 0.6672 | 70.08 | 5.3787 | 4.0919 | — | — | — | — | |
| SeeSR#Params=2524M, #MACs=65857G, Sampling steps=502026.02 | 0.2467 | 0.6981 | 25.73 | 0.7072 | 72.25 | 4.353 | 4.2412 | — | — | — | — | |
| LDMSampling steps=30, Runtime (bs=64)=0.080s, Runtime (bs=1)=1.192s, # Parameters (M)=113.602023.11 | 0.248 | 0.572 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LDMInference Steps=302023.11 | 0.248 | 0.572 | 24.49 | 0.651 | 50.895 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LDM-30Model category=Conditional diffusion-based, Super-resolution scale=4×, # Param. (M)=113.602026.05 | 0.248 | 0.572 | 24.49 | 0.651 | 50.895 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LDMModel class=Diffusion model, used T2I prior, NFE=302025.03 | 0.248 | 0.572 | 24.49 | 0.651 | 50.895 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DASR2023.11 | 0.25 | 0.536 | 24.75 | 0.675 | 48.337 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DASRModel class=Mixture of experts, NFE=12025.03 | 0.25 | 0.536 | 24.75 | 0.675 | 48.337 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| InvSR2026.03 | 0.2517 | 0.7093 | 24.14 | 0.6789 | 72.29 | 4.3815 | — | — | — | — | 3.0866 | |
| AdcSRModel class=Diffusion model, used T2I prior, NFE=12025.03 | 0.252 | 0.711 | 22.99 | 0.615 | 63.218 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AdcSRT2I prior=yes, > 450M params, NFE=12025.03 | 0.252 | 0.711 | 22.99 | 0.615 | 63.218 | — | — | — | — | 34.61 | — | |
| OSEDiffModel class=Diffusion model, used T2I prior, NFE=12025.03 | 0.253 | 0.677 | 23.02 | 0.619 | 60.755 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| OSEDiffT2I prior=yes, > 450M params, NFE=12025.03 | 0.253 | 0.677 | 23.02 | 0.619 | 60.755 | — | — | — | — | 23.13 | — | |
| RealESRGAN2023.11 | 0.254 | 0.523 | 24.04 | 0.665 | 52.538 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RealESRGAN2025.09 | 0.254 | 0.523 | 24.04 | 0.665 | 52.538 | — | — | 0.2174 | 0.3689 | 41.48 | — | |
| RealESRGANModel category=GAN-based, Super-resolution scale=4×, # Param. (M)=28.012026.05 | 0.254 | 0.523 | 24.04 | 0.665 | 52.538 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Real-ESRGANModel class=GANs, NFE=12025.03 | 0.254 | 0.523 | 24.04 | 0.665 | 52.538 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| InvSR#Params=1298M, #MACs=1820G, Sampling steps=12026.02 | 0.2547 | 0.7114 | 23.81 | 0.6777 | 72.38 | 4.3935 | 3.9867 | — | — | — | — | |
| BSRGAN2023.11 | 0.259 | 0.581 | 24.42 | 0.659 | 54.697 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BSRGAN2025.09 | 0.259 | 0.581 | 24.42 | 0.659 | 54.697 | — | — | 0.2207 | 0.3865 | 45.63 | — | |
| BSRGANModel category=GAN-based, Super-resolution scale=4×, # Param. (M)=16.702026.05 | 0.259 | 0.581 | 24.42 | 0.659 | 54.697 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BSRGANModel class=GANs, NFE=12025.03 | 0.259 | 0.581 | 24.42 | 0.659 | 54.697 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| OSEDiff2026.03 | 0.2624 | 0.6818 | 23.95 | 0.6756 | 70.3928 | 4.7157 | — | — | — | — | 3.3775 | |
| GenDR#Params=933M, #MACs=1637G, Sampling steps=12026.02 | 0.2652 | 0.7395 | 24.14 | 0.6878 | 74.68 | 4.1336 | 4.3612 | — | — | — | — | |
| LDM-15Runtime=223ms, Params=114M, Input Resolution=64×64, Hardware=RTX 3090 GPU2025.09 | 0.2685 | 0.51 | — | — | 46.639 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LDMSampling steps=15, Runtime (bs=64)=0.046s, Runtime (bs=1)=0.408s, # Parameters (M)=113.602023.11 | 0.269 | 0.512 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LDMInference Steps=152023.11 | 0.269 | 0.512 | 24.89 | 0.67 | 46.419 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LDMNumber of inference steps=152025.09 | 0.269 | 0.51 | 24.85 | 0.668 | 46.639 | — | — | 0.2101 | 0.3305 | 30.53 | — | |
| LDM-15Model category=Conditional diffusion-based, Super-resolution scale=4×, # Param. (M)=113.602026.05 | 0.269 | 0.512 | 24.89 | 0.67 | 46.419 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LDMModel class=Diffusion model, used T2I prior, NFE=152025.03 | 0.269 | 0.512 | 24.89 | 0.67 | 46.419 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ResShiftSampling steps=10, Runtime (bs=64)=0.033s, Runtime (bs=1)=0.425s, # Parameters (M)=118.592023.11 | 0.274 | 0.512 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DiffBIR2026.03 | 0.2795 | 0.69 | 25.72 | 0.6695 | 69.7089 | 4.5875 | — | — | — | — | 3.226 | |
| IBMDDistillation model=Yes, NFE=12025.03 | 0.284 | 0.505 | 23.91 | 0.619 | 54.667 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DiffBIR#Params=1717M, #MACs=24234G, Sampling steps=502026.02 | 0.2876 | 0.7486 | 25.45 | 0.6651 | 73.04 | 4.9289 | 4.3228 | — | — | — | — | |
| InvSRModel class=Diffusion model, used T2I prior, NFE=12025.03 | 0.293 | 0.641 | 21.31 | 0.604 | 54.87 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| I2SBDistillation model=No, NFE=152025.03 | 0.302 | 0.444 | 24.8 | 0.663 | 49.584 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SUPIRModel class=Diffusion model, used T2I prior, NFE=502025.03 | 0.302 | 0.786 | 22.56 | 0.574 | 60.487 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SUPIRT2I prior=yes, > 450M params, NFE=502025.03 | 0.302 | 0.786 | 22.56 | 0.574 | 60.487 | — | — | — | — | 24.7 | — |