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Summarization on SAMSum (Completeness, Conciseness, Factualness)

4.98CompletenessPlan-then-Write (Plan)
4.76164.81834.8754.9317Dec 3, 2025

Evaluation results

MethodLinks
Plan-then-Write (Plan)Model Type=LLM (GPT-4.1)2025.124.983.544.99
VanillaModel Type=LLM (GPT-4.1)2025.124.964.694.99
Question-Answer Guided (QAG)Model Type=LLM (GPT-4.1)2025.124.963.775
Iterative Refine (IR)Model Type=LLM (GPT-4.1)2025.124.964.465
Extract-to-Abstract (E2A)Model Type=LLM (GPT-4.1)2025.124.964.855
Decomposition (Deco)Model Type=LLM (GPT-4.1)2025.124.943.854.98
Cited Summarization (Cite)Model Type=LLM (GPT-4.1)2025.124.934.444.98
Self-Consistency (SC)Model Type=LLM (GPT-4.1)2025.124.924.735
Chain-of-Thought (CoT)Model Type=LLM (GPT-4.1)2025.124.914.314.97
o3Model Type=Large Reasoning Models (LRM)2025.124.884.814.96
o1Model Type=Large Reasoning Models (LRM)2025.124.824.614.94
GPT-5Model Type=Large Reasoning Models (LRM)2025.124.774.674.94