Speech Watermarking on LJSpeech 2017
0.9996STOIWavMark
Evaluation Results
| Method | Links | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WavMarkbps=32, category=Post-hoc Watermarking (Deep Learning-Based)2026.01 | 0.9996 | 4.4794 | 0.969 | 0.5126 | 3.1316 | 100 | |
| PBMLbps=100, category=Post-hoc Watermarking (Handcrafted-Based)2026.01 | 0.9984 | 3.9826 | 0.9798 | 0.2063 | 3.2201 | 100 | |
| AudioSealbps=16, category=Post-hoc Watermarking (Deep Learning-Based)2026.01 | 0.9971 | 4.3876 | 0.9866 | 0.009 | 3.2028 | 99.99 | |
| FSVCbps=32, category=Post-hoc Watermarking (Handcrafted-Based)2026.01 | 0.9863 | 3.8095 | 0.9574 | 3.8557 | 3.1778 | 100 | |
| TBWMbps=100, category=Post-hoc Watermarking (Deep Learning-Based)2026.01 | 0.9852 | 3.8222 | 0.9388 | 0.7918 | 3.2106 | 100 | |
| VocBulwark [BVG]bps=100, category=Generative Watermarking, backbone=BigVGAN2026.01 | 0.9795 | 3.4941 | 0.9277 | 5.0075 | 3.3586 | 100 | |
| HiFi-GANcategory=Generative Watermarking (Base Vocoder)2026.01 | 0.9777 | 3.6638 | 0.9434 | 3.7596 | 3.3522 | — | |
| BigVGANcategory=Generative Watermarking (Base Vocoder)2026.01 | 0.9777 | 3.3397 | 0.9193 | 5.0545 | 3.2044 | — | |
| VocBulwark [HFG]bps=100, category=Generative Watermarking, backbone=HiFi-GAN2026.01 | 0.9698 | 2.88 | 0.8919 | 5.7193 | 3.3266 | 99.89 | |
| Normspacebps=32, category=Post-hoc Watermarking (Handcrafted-Based)2026.01 | 0.9689 | 2.8329 | 0.7743 | 21.8547 | 3.143 | 100 | |
| PriorGradcategory=Generative Watermarking (Base Vocoder)2026.01 | 0.9658 | 3.5198 | 0.8454 | 6.2847 | 3.1432 | — | |
| DiffWavecategory=Generative Watermarking (Base Vocoder)2026.01 | 0.9655 | 3.5113 | 0.8452 | 6.289 | 3.1304 | — | |
| VocBulwark [DW]bps=100, category=Generative Watermarking, backbone=DiffWave2026.01 | 0.9605 | 3.3398 | 0.8519 | 6.3682 | 3.2727 | 99.98 | |
| VocBulwark [PG]bps=100, category=Generative Watermarking, backbone=PriorGrad2026.01 | 0.9605 | 3.3398 | 0.8519 | 6.3685 | 3.2727 | 99.98 | |
| Grootbps=100, category=Generative Watermarking2026.01 | 0.9589 | 3.3871 | 0.8429 | 6.2811 | 3.2726 | 99.55 | |
| RIWFbps=16, category=Generative Watermarking2026.01 | 0.955 | 2.4261 | 0.816 | 6.2145 | 3.0957 | 98.52 | |
| HiFi-GANwbps=20, category=Generative Watermarking2026.01 | 0.9414 | 2.5862 | 0.9447 | 4.8472 | 2.8718 | 98.93 |