ResearchBenchmarksSingle-objective Optimization on CEC SOP benchmark suite 2025 (overall)Follow81,229.5Total ScoreRDEx12,675.8230,473.4148,27166,068.59Mar 28, 2026Evaluation ResultsMethodMethodLinksTotal ScoreAverage ScoreSpeedAccuracy ScoreRDExRank=1Rank=12026.0381,229.52,801.0276,490.54,739LSRTDERank=2Rank=22026.0373,664.52,540.1668,007.55,657RDERank=3Rank=32026.0369,4592,395.1458,06611,393jSOaRank=4Rank=42026.0344,6531,539.7620,98423,669mLSHADE_LRRank=5Rank=52026.0344,106.51,520.9125,274.518,832IEACOPRank=6Rank=62026.0315,312.5528.025,635.59,677