Semantic Segmentation on SYNTHIA-to-Cityscapes (SYN2CS) 16 classes (val)
51.7IoUFCNadv+RPT3+MS
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FCNadv+RPT3+MSBase Model=FCNadv, RPT Type=Full, Multi-scale=true2020.06 | 51.7 | — | 89.1 | 47.3 | 84.6 | 14.5 | 0.4 | 29.1 | 39.9 | 30.3 | 86.1 | 86.3 | 60.8 | 25.7 | 88.7 | 49 | 28.4 | 57.5 | 59.5 | — | — | — | — | |
| FCNadv+RPT3Base Model=FCNadv, RPT Type=Full (Patch + Cluster + Spatial)2020.06 | 51.2 | — | 88.9 | 46.5 | 84.5 | 15.1 | 0.5 | 38.5 | 39.5 | 30.1 | 85.9 | 85.8 | 59.8 | 26.1 | 88.1 | 46.8 | 27.7 | 56.1 | 58.9 | — | — | — | — | |
| FCNadv+RPT1Base Model=FCNadv, RPT Type=Patch-based consistency2020.06 | 49.6 | — | 87.7 | 43.1 | 84 | 10.5 | 0.5 | 42.2 | 40.5 | 33.1 | 86 | 81.9 | 56 | 26.1 | 85.9 | 35.8 | 24.8 | 56.2 | 57 | — | — | — | — | |
| AdaptSegNetBackbone Network=ResNet-101, Adaptation=true, Mechanism=Adversary, Classes=132018.12 | 46.7 | 9.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PyCDA2020.06 | 46.7 | — | 75.5 | 30.9 | 83.3 | 20.8 | 0.7 | 32.7 | 27.3 | 33.5 | 84.7 | 85 | 64.1 | 25.4 | 85 | 45.2 | 21.2 | 32 | 53.3 | — | — | — | — | |
| MLSL2020.06 | 45.2 | — | 59.2 | 30.2 | 68.5 | 22.9 | 1 | 36.2 | 32.7 | 28.3 | 86.2 | 75.4 | 68.6 | 27.7 | 82.7 | 26.3 | 24.3 | 52.7 | 51 | — | — | — | — | |
| CBSTBackbone Network=ResNet-38, Adaptation=true, Mechanism=Self-Training2018.12 | 42.5 | 13.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CBST2020.06 | 42.5 | — | 53.6 | 23.7 | 75 | 12.5 | 0.3 | 36.4 | 23.5 | 26.3 | 84.8 | 74.7 | 67.2 | 17.5 | 84.5 | 28.4 | 15.2 | 55.8 | 48.4 | — | — | — | — | |
| DISE2020.06 | 41.5 | — | 91.7 | 53.5 | 77.1 | 2.5 | 0.2 | 27.1 | 6.2 | 7.6 | 78.4 | 81.2 | 55.8 | 19.2 | 82.3 | 30.3 | 17.1 | 34.3 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MaxSquare2020.06 | 41.4 | — | 82.9 | 40.7 | 80.3 | 10.2 | 0.8 | 25.8 | 12.8 | 18.2 | 82.5 | 82.2 | 53.1 | 18 | 79 | 31.4 | 10.4 | 35.6 | 48.2 | — | — | — | — | |
| CGANBackbone Network=VGG-16, Adaptation=true, Mechanism=Adversary2018.12 | 41.2 | 23.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Conditional2020.06 | 41.2 | — | 85 | 25.8 | 73.5 | 3.4 | 3 | 31.5 | 19.5 | 21.3 | 67.4 | 69.4 | 68.5 | 25 | 76.5 | 41.6 | 17.9 | 29.5 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ADVENT2020.06 | 41.2 | — | 85.6 | 42.2 | 79.7 | 8.7 | 0.4 | 25.9 | 5.4 | 8.1 | 80.4 | 84.1 | 57.9 | 23.8 | 73.3 | 36.4 | 14.2 | 33 | 48 | — | — | — | — | |
| AdaptSegNetBackbone Network=ResNet-101, Adaptation=false, Mechanism=Adversary, Classes=132018.12 | 38.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DCANBackbone Network=PSPNet, Adaptation=true, Mechanism=Adversary2018.12 | 38.4 | 8.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DCAN2020.06 | 38.4 | — | 82.8 | 36.4 | 75.7 | 5.1 | 0.1 | 25.8 | 8 | 18.7 | 74.7 | 76.9 | 51.1 | 15.9 | 77.7 | 24.8 | 4.1 | 37.3 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AdaptSegNetBackbone Network=VGG-16, Adaptation=true, Mechanism=Adversary, Classes=132018.12 | 37.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MCDBackbone Network=DRN-105, Adaptation=true, Mechanism=Adversary2018.12 | 37.3 | 13.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DCANBackbone Network=ResNet-101, Adaptation=true, Mechanism=Adversary2018.12 | 36.5 | 8.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ROADBackbone Network=VGG-16, Adaptation=true, Mechanism=Adversary2018.12 | 36.2 | 10.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ROAD2020.06 | 36.2 | — | 77.7 | 30 | 77.5 | 9.6 | 0.3 | 25.8 | 10.3 | 15.6 | 77.6 | 79.8 | 44.5 | 16.6 | 67.8 | 14.5 | 7 | 23.8 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LSDBackbone Network=VGG-16, Adaptation=true, Mechanism=Adversary2018.12 | 36.1 | 9.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Learning2020.06 | 36.1 | — | 80.1 | 29.1 | 77.5 | 2.8 | 0.4 | 26.8 | 11.1 | 18 | 78.1 | 76.7 | 48.2 | 15.2 | 70.5 | 17.4 | 8.7 | 16.7 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NMDBackbone Network=Dialation Frontend, Adaptation=true, Mechanism=Adversary, Classes=132018.12 | 35.7 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DCANBackbone Network=VGG-16, Adaptation=true, Mechanism=Adversary2018.12 | 35.4 | 9.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CBSTBackbone Network=VGG-16, Adaptation=true, Mechanism=Self-Training2018.12 | 35.4 | 12.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CLossBackbone Network=VGG-16, Adaptation=true, Mechanism=Adversary2018.12 | 34.2 | 9.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Penalizing2020.06 | 34.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 40.3 | — | — | — | — | |
| DAMBackbone Network=VGG-16, Adaptation=true, Mechanism=Adversary2018.12 | 30.7 | 8.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NMDBackbone Network=Dialation Frontend, Adaptation=false, Mechanism=Adversary, Classes=132018.12 | 30.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Curriculum Domain AdaptationBackbone Network=VGG-19, Adaptation=true, Mechanism=Curriculum2018.12 | 29.7 | 7.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Curriculum2020.06 | 29.7 | — | 57.4 | 23.1 | 74.7 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 14 | 5.3 | 4.3 | 77.8 | 73.7 | 45 | 11 | 44.8 | 21.2 | 1.9 | 20.3 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Curriculum Domain AdaptationBackbone Network=VGG-19, Adaptation=true, Mechanism=Curriculum, External Information=false2018.12 | 29.6 | 7.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DCANBackbone Network=PSPNet, Adaptation=false, Mechanism=Adversary2018.12 | 29.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CBSTBackbone Network=ResNet-38, Adaptation=false, Mechanism=Self-Training2018.12 | 29.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Curriculum Domain AdaptationBackbone Network=DRN-26, Adaptation=true, Mechanism=Curriculum2018.12 | 28.2 | 6.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DCANBackbone Network=ResNet-101, Adaptation=false, Mechanism=Adversary2018.12 | 28 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LSDBackbone Network=VGG-16, Adaptation=false, Mechanism=Adversary2018.12 | 26.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DCANBackbone Network=VGG-16, Adaptation=false, Mechanism=Adversary2018.12 | 25.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ROADBackbone Network=VGG-16, Adaptation=false, Mechanism=Adversary2018.12 | 25.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CLossBackbone Network=VGG-16, Adaptation=false, Mechanism=Adversary2018.12 | 24.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MCDBackbone Network=DRN-105, Adaptation=false, Mechanism=Adversary2018.12 | 23.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CBSTBackbone Network=VGG-16, Adaptation=false, Mechanism=Self-Training2018.12 | 22.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DAMBackbone Network=VGG-16, Adaptation=false, Mechanism=Adversary2018.12 | 22 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Curriculum Domain AdaptationBackbone Network=VGG-19, Adaptation=false, Mechanism=Curriculum2018.12 | 22 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Curriculum Domain AdaptationBackbone Network=VGG-19, Adaptation=false, Mechanism=Curriculum, External Information=false2018.12 | 22 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Curriculum Domain AdaptationBackbone Network=DRN-26, Adaptation=false, Mechanism=Curriculum2018.12 | 21.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FCN WldBackbone Network=Dialation Frontend, Adaptation=true, Mechanism=Adversary2018.12 | 20.2 | 2.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CGANBackbone Network=VGG-16, Adaptation=false, Mechanism=Adversary2018.12 | 17.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FCN WldBackbone Network=Dialation Frontend, Adaptation=false, Mechanism=Adversary2018.12 | 17.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AdaptSegNet2020.06 | — | — | 84.3 | 42.7 | 77.5 | — | — | — | 4.7 | 7 | 77.9 | 82.5 | 54.3 | 21 | 72.3 | 32.2 | 18.9 | 32.3 | 46.7 | — | — | — | — | |
| Bidirectional2020.06 | — | — | 86 | 46.7 | 80.3 | — | — | — | 14.1 | 11.6 | 79.2 | 81.3 | 54.1 | 27.9 | 73.7 | 42.2 | 25.7 | 45.3 | 51.4 | — | — | — | — | |
| CCM2025.12 | — | — | 79.6 | 36.4 | 80.6 | 13.3 | 0.3 | 25.5 | 22.4 | 14.9 | 81.8 | 77.4 | 56.8 | 25.9 | 80.7 | 45.3 | 29.9 | 52 | — | — | — | — | 45.2 | |
| CLAN2020.06 | — | — | 81.3 | 37 | 80.1 | — | — | — | 16.1 | 13.7 | 78.2 | 81.5 | 53.4 | 21.2 | 73 | 32.9 | 22.6 | 30.7 | 47.8 | — | — | — | — | |
| CONFETI2025.12 | — | — | 83.8 | 44.6 | 86.9 | 15.4 | 3.7 | 44.3 | 56.9 | 55.5 | 84.9 | 86.2 | 73.8 | 46.8 | 90.1 | 57.1 | 46 | 63.2 | — | — | — | — | 58.7 | |
| CorDA2025.12 | — | — | 93.3 | 61.6 | 85.3 | 19.6 | 5.1 | 37.8 | 36.6 | 42.8 | 84.9 | 90.4 | 69.7 | 41.8 | 85.6 | 38.4 | 32.6 | 53.9 | — | — | — | — | 55 | |
| DACS2025.12 | — | — | 80.6 | 25.1 | 81.9 | 21.5 | 2.9 | 37.2 | 22.7 | 24 | 83.7 | 90.8 | 67.6 | 38.3 | 82.9 | 38.9 | 28.5 | 47.6 | — | — | — | — | 48.3 | |
| DAFormerbaseline=true2025.12 | — | — | 84.5 | 40.7 | 88.4 | 41.5 | 6.5 | 50 | 55 | 54.6 | 86 | 89.8 | 73.2 | 48.2 | 87.2 | 53.2 | 53.9 | 61.7 | — | — | — | — | 60.9 | |
| DAFormer+FST2025.12 | — | — | 88.3 | 46.1 | 88 | 41.7 | 7.3 | 50.1 | 53.6 | 52.5 | 87.4 | 91.5 | 73.9 | 48.1 | 85.3 | 58.6 | 55.9 | 63.4 | — | — | — | — | 61.9 | |
| DAFormer+MICDrop2025.12 | — | — | 81 | 37.1 | 89.4 | 45.7 | 9.5 | 51.8 | 57.3 | 58 | 86.7 | 85 | 73.6 | 50.4 | 88.2 | 64.7 | 56.8 | 62.8 | — | — | — | — | 62.4 | |
| DAFormer+OMUDA2025.12 | — | — | 88.5 | 51.9 | 89.6 | 49.8 | 7.9 | 52.4 | 59.2 | 58.6 | 86.2 | 92.8 | 76.2 | 54 | 88.9 | 64.2 | 57.9 | 61.8 | — | — | — | — | 65 | |
| FADA2025.12 | — | — | 84.5 | 40.1 | 83.1 | 4.8 | 0 | 34.3 | 20.1 | 27.2 | 84.8 | 84 | 53.5 | 22.6 | 85.4 | 43.7 | 26.8 | 27.8 | — | — | — | — | 45.2 | |
| FAMDABackbone=DeepLabV2, UDA setting=True, Learning protocol (STL/MTL)=MTL2025.09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 57.02 | |
| FAMDABackbone=SegFormer, UDA setting=True, Learning protocol (STL/MTL)=MTL2025.09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 60 | |
| IDM2025.12 | — | — | 87.6 | 47.6 | 88.1 | 33.4 | 6.3 | 52.8 | 57.8 | 56.5 | 83 | 77.5 | 66.2 | 52.1 | 89.3 | 55.6 | 57.1 | 64.2 | — | — | — | — | 60.9 | |
| MTL sourceBackbone=DeepLabV2, UDA setting=False, Learning protocol (STL/MTL)=MTL, Source/Target domain evaluation protocol=Source-only (No adaptation)2025.09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 15.32 | |
| MTL targetBackbone=DeepLabV2, UDA setting=False, Learning protocol (STL/MTL)=MTL, Source/Target domain evaluation protocol=Target-supervised (Upper Bound)2025.09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 70.43 | |
| MTL-UDABackbone=DeepLabV2, UDA setting=True, Learning protocol (STL/MTL)=MTL2025.09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 16.71 | |
| MulTBackbone=Swin, UDA setting=True, Learning protocol (STL/MTL)=MTL2025.09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 42.12 | |
| ProDA2025.12 | — | — | 87.8 | 45.7 | 84.6 | 37.1 | 0.6 | 44 | 54.6 | 37 | 88.1 | 84.4 | 74.2 | 24.3 | 88.2 | 51.1 | 40.5 | 45.6 | — | — | — | — | 55.5 | |
| SSF-DAN2020.06 | — | — | 84.6 | 41.7 | 80.8 | — | — | — | 11.5 | 14.7 | 80.8 | 85.3 | 57.5 | 21.6 | 82 | 36 | 19.3 | 34.5 | 50 | — | — | — | — | |
| STL sourceBackbone=DeepLabV2, UDA setting=False, Learning protocol (STL/MTL)=STL, Source/Target domain evaluation protocol=Source-only (No adaptation)2025.09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 35.63 | |
| STL targetBackbone=DeepLabV2, UDA setting=False, Learning protocol (STL/MTL)=STL, Source/Target domain evaluation protocol=Target-supervised (Upper Bound)2025.09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 67.93 | |
| STL-UDABackbone=DeepLabV2, UDA setting=True, Learning protocol (STL/MTL)=STL2025.09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 37.55 | |
| Swin-UDABackbone=Swin, UDA setting=True, Learning protocol (STL/MTL)=STL2025.09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 39 | |
| Uncertainty2025.12 | — | — | 87.6 | 41.9 | 83.1 | 14.7 | 1.7 | 36.2 | 31.3 | 19.9 | 81.6 | 80.6 | 63 | 21.8 | 86.2 | 40.7 | 23.6 | 53.1 | — | — | — | — | 47.9 | |
| VTAGMLBackbone=Swin, UDA setting=True, Learning protocol (STL/MTL)=MTL2025.09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 50.03 | |
| XTAMBackbone=DeepLabV2, UDA setting=True, Learning protocol (STL/MTL)=MTL2025.09 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 37.93 |