Semantic Segmentation on SYNTHIA-to-Cityscapes 16 categories (val)
80.5mIoU (Overall)SemiDAViL (Ours)
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SemiDAViL (Ours)Labeled Target Samples=2975, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 80.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ALFSALabeled Target Samples=2975, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 79.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SemiDAViL (Ours)Labeled Target Samples=1000, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 79.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SemiDAViL (Ours w/o DyCE)Labeled Target Samples=2975, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 79.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| IIDMLabeled Target Samples=2975, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 79.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SemiDAViL (Ours w/o DyCE)Labeled Target Samples=1000, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 79.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ALFSALabeled Target Samples=1000, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 79 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| IIDMLabeled Target Samples=1000, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 78.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SemiDAViL (Ours)Labeled Target Samples=500, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 78.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SemiDAViL (Ours w/o DyCE)Labeled Target Samples=500, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 77.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ALFSALabeled Target Samples=500, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 77.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SemiDAViL (Ours)Labeled Target Samples=200, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 77.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ASSLabeled Target Samples=2975, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 77.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| S-DepthLabeled Target Samples=2975, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 77.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| IIDMLabeled Target Samples=500, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 77 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SemiDAViL (Ours)Labeled Target Samples=100, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 76.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SemiDAViL (Ours w/o DyCE)Labeled Target Samples=200, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 76.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| IIDMLabeled Target Samples=200, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 76.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| S-DepthLabeled Target Samples=1000, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 76.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DusPerbLabeled Target Samples=1000, Learning Paradigm=SSL2025.04 | 76.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ComplexMixLabeled Target Samples=2975, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 75.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| S-DepthLabeled Target Samples=500, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 75.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SemiDAViL (Ours w/o DyCE)Labeled Target Samples=100, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 74.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DACS++Labeled Target Samples=2975, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 74.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DusPerbLabeled Target Samples=500, Learning Paradigm=SSL2025.04 | 74.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| IIDMLabeled Target Samples=100, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 74.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SSDDALabeled Target Samples=1000, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 74 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ALFSALabeled Target Samples=200, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 73.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| S-DepthLabeled Target Samples=200, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 73.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ClassMixLabeled Target Samples=1000, Learning Paradigm=SSL2025.04 | 73.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ASSLabeled Target Samples=1000, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 73 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DACS++Labeled Target Samples=1000, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 72.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SSDDALabeled Target Samples=500, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 72.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| S-DepthLabeled Target Samples=100, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 72.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ClassMixLabeled Target Samples=500, Learning Paradigm=SSL2025.04 | 72.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SSDDALabeled Target Samples=200, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 71.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DusPerbLabeled Target Samples=200, Learning Paradigm=SSL2025.04 | 71.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DACS++Labeled Target Samples=500, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 71.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DeepLabV2Labeled Target Samples=2975, Learning Paradigm=Supervised2025.04 | 70.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ComplexMixLabeled Target Samples=100, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 70.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SSDDALabeled Target Samples=100, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 70.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SemiDAViL (Ours)Labeled Target Samples=0, Learning Paradigm=UDA2025.04 | 70.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ASSLabeled Target Samples=500, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 69.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SemiDAViL (Ours w/o DyCE)Labeled Target Samples=0, Learning Paradigm=UDA2025.04 | 69.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ALFSALabeled Target Samples=100, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 68.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DusPerbLabeled Target Samples=100, Learning Paradigm=SSL2025.04 | 68.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DLDMLabeled Target Samples=100, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 68.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DIGALabeled Target Samples=0, Learning Paradigm=UDA2025.04 | 67.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DACS++Labeled Target Samples=200, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 67.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ClassMixLabeled Target Samples=200, Learning Paradigm=SSL2025.04 | 67.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DeepLabV2Labeled Target Samples=1000, Learning Paradigm=Supervised2025.04 | 67.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DACS++Labeled Target Samples=100, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 64.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ASSLabeled Target Samples=200, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 64.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SLALabeled Target Samples=100, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 63.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ASSLabeled Target Samples=100, Learning Paradigm=SSDA2025.04 | 62.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ProDALabeled Target Samples=0, Learning Paradigm=UDA2025.04 | 62 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ClassMixLabeled Target Samples=100, Learning Paradigm=SSL2025.04 | 61.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CowMixLabeled Target Samples=100, Learning Paradigm=SSL2025.04 | 61.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DeepLabV2Labeled Target Samples=500, Learning Paradigm=Supervised2025.04 | 61 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DMTLabeled Target Samples=100, Learning Paradigm=SSL2025.04 | 59.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DeepLabV2Labeled Target Samples=200, Learning Paradigm=Supervised2025.04 | 58.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DaFormerLabeled Target Samples=0, Learning Paradigm=UDA2025.04 | 58.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DACSLabeled Target Samples=0, Learning Paradigm=UDA2025.04 | 54.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CPSLSource-Free=false, Backbone=ResNet-1012023.03 | 54.4 | 87.3 | 44.4 | 83.8 | 25 | 0.4 | 42.9 | 47.5 | 32.4 | 86.5 | 83.3 | 69.6 | 29.1 | 89.4 | 52.1 | 42.6 | 54.1 | 61.7 | |
| DeepLabV2Labeled Target Samples=100, Learning Paradigm=Supervised2025.04 | 53 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ProDASource-Free=false, Backbone=ResNet-1012023.03 | 51.9 | 87.1 | 44 | 83.2 | 26.9 | 0.7 | 42 | 45.8 | 34.2 | 86.7 | 81.3 | 68.4 | 22.1 | 87.7 | 50 | 31.4 | 38.6 | 58.5 | |
| C-SFDA (Ours)Source-Free=true, Backbone=ResNet-1012023.03 | 44.6 | 87 | 39 | 79.5 | 12.2 | 1.8 | 32.2 | 20.4 | 24.3 | 79.5 | 82.2 | 51.5 | 24.5 | 78.7 | 31.5 | 21.3 | 47.9 | 51.3 | |
| HCLSource-Free=true, Backbone=ResNet-1012023.03 | 43.5 | 80.9 | 34.9 | 76.7 | 6.6 | 0.2 | 36.1 | 20.1 | 28.2 | 79.1 | 83.1 | 55.6 | 25.6 | 78.8 | 32.7 | 24.1 | 32.7 | 50.2 | |
| C-SFDA (Online)Source-Free=true, Protocol=Online, Backbone=ResNet-1012023.03 | 43 | 85.9 | 38.1 | 79.2 | 11.9 | 1.1 | 32 | 17.1 | 22.9 | 79.7 | 89.4 | 46.6 | 22 | 78.4 | 29.6 | 17.4 | 46 | 49.5 | |
| CrCDASource-Free=false, Backbone=ResNet-1012023.03 | 42.9 | 86.2 | 44.9 | 79.5 | 8.3 | 0.7 | 27.8 | 9.4 | 11.8 | 78.6 | 86.5 | 57.2 | 26.1 | 76.8 | 39.9 | 21.5 | 32.1 | 50 | |
| SFDASource-Free=true, Backbone=ResNet-1012023.03 | 42.4 | 67.8 | 31.9 | 77.1 | 8.3 | 1.1 | 35.9 | 21.2 | 26.7 | 79.8 | 79.4 | 58.8 | 27.3 | 80.4 | 25.3 | 19.5 | 37.4 | 48.7 | |
| URSource-Free=true, Backbone=ResNet-1012023.03 | 39.6 | 59.3 | 24.6 | 77 | 14 | 1.8 | 31.5 | 18.3 | 32 | 83.1 | 80.4 | 46.3 | 17.8 | 76.7 | 17 | 18.5 | 34.6 | 45 | |
| AUGCO (Online)Source-Free=true, Protocol=Online, Backbone=ResNet-1012023.03 | 39.2 | 74.8 | 32.1 | 79.2 | 5 | 0.1 | 29.4 | 3 | 11.1 | 78.7 | 83.1 | 57.5 | 26.4 | 74.3 | 20.5 | 12.1 | 39.3 | 45.5 | |
| Source OnlySource-Free=false, Backbone=ResNet-1012023.03 | 31.3 | 45.2 | 19.6 | 72 | 6.7 | 0.1 | 24.3 | 5.5 | 7.8 | 74.4 | 81.9 | 57.3 | 17.3 | 39 | 19.5 | 7 | 6.2 | 36.2 |