ResearchBenchmarksPhysics-informed modeling performance threshold attainment on GARTEUR original layoutPhysics-informed modeling performance threshold attainment on GARTEUR original layoutFollow70CoverageBlack-128.439.25060.8Apr 30, 2026Evaluation resultsMethodMethodLinksCoverageCoverage Delta vs Black-1Emissions (gCO2e)Emissions Delta vs Black-1Black-1Physics knowledge inte...Physics knowledge integration level=Black-12026.0470—0.0746—Grey-1Physics knowledge inte...Physics knowledge integration level=Grey-12026.046014.30.12162.2Grey-2Physics knowledge inte...Physics knowledge integration level=Grey-22026.043057.10.098431.9