ResearchBenchmarksPDE Solving on Pipe TurbulenceFollow0.489Relative L2 ErrorLRSA-0.435445.8045312.044518.28447Apr 4, 2026Evaluation ResultsMethodMethodLinksRelative L2 ErrorLRSA2026.040.489HPM2026.040.826NORM2026.041.01DeepONet2026.049.36GraphSAGE2026.0423.6