ResearchBenchmarksPDE learning on 3D Poisson–Boltzmann 33^3 grid (test)Follow0.0426Relative L2 ErrorLNF-NO0.0309440.1096220.18830.266978Mar 25, 2026Evaluation ResultsMethodMethodLinksRelative L2 ErrorLNF-NO#Params=21.7M, Epochs=...#Params=21.7M, Epochs=500, Time (s)=27482026.030.0426FNO (3D)#Params=15.0M, Epochs=...#Params=15.0M, Epochs=500, Time (s)=75592026.030.0771DeepONet#Params=2.5M, Epochs=5...#Params=2.5M, Epochs=5000, Time (s)=13482026.030.334