ResearchBenchmarksOptimal Power Flow on GridFM-datakit 118-IEEEFollow27Avg Constraint Violation (Sij+)CNN-94.76727.121,5492,370.88Oct 8, 2025Evaluation ResultsMethodMethodLinksAvg Constraint Violation (Sij+)Avg Constraint Violation (Sji-)Avg Constraint Violation (Pb)Avg Constraint Violation (Qb)Max Constraint Violation (Sij+)Max Constraint Violation (Sji-)Max Constraint Violation (Pb)Max Constraint Violation (Qb)Optimality GapCNNMode=Zero-shotMode=Zero-shot2025.10272929183.423.4312.363.811.16HH-MPNNMode=Zero-shotMode=Zero-shot2025.1038.2439.233.9158.24.894.916.94.530.1FNNMode=Zero-shotMode=Zero-shot2025.10208209337926.2926.2740.848.430.3GCNMode=Zero-shotMode=Zero-shot2025.103,0713,0792601,26619.6919.7226.7710.798.55