Novel View Synthesis on ACID
32.65PSNRVolSplat
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VolSplatNumber of input views=6, Training dataset=RealEstate10K, Evaluation protocol=Zero-shot generalization (no fine-tuning)2025.09 | 32.65 | 93.2 | 0.092 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MVGDNumber of input views=22025.01 | 29.98 | 87.5 | 0.131 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| StarGenType=combined reconstruction and generation-based2025.01 | 29.69 | 87.6 | 0.116 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| IDESplatParams (M)=37.62026.01 | 29.04 | 86.6 | 0.124 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ReconXType=combined reconstruction and generation-based2025.01 | 28.84 | 89.1 | 0.101 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| HiSplatResolution=256x256, Evaluation Protocol=Standard2026.02 | 28.737 | 85.3 | 0.132 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MonoSplatParams (M)=30.32026.01 | 28.63 | 86.4 | 0.138 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Generative Densificationtraining_set=RE10K, fine-tuning=false2024.12 | 28.61 | 84.7 | 0.141 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DepthSplatNumber of input views=6, Training dataset=RealEstate10K, Evaluation protocol=Zero-shot generalization (no fine-tuning)2025.09 | 28.37 | 84.7 | 0.141 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TranSplatResolution=256x256, Evaluation Protocol=Standard2026.02 | 28.337 | 84.5 | 0.143 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SurfSplatResolution=256x256, Evaluation Protocol=Standard2026.02 | 28.336 | 84.5 | 0.144 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| eFreeSplat2026.01 | 28.3 | 85.1 | 0.14 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| pixelSplatResolution=256x256, Evaluation Protocol=Standard2026.02 | 28.284 | 84.2 | 0.146 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| pixelSplatParams (M)=125.42026.01 | 28.27 | 84.3 | 0.146 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MVSplatNumber of input views=22025.01 | 28.25 | 84.3 | 0.144 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MVSplatType=pure reconstruction-based2025.01 | 28.25 | 84.3 | 0.144 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MVSplatViews (#)=2, Params (M)=12.0, Evaluation Scenario=Interpolation2026.01 | 28.25 | 84.3 | 0.144 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MVSplatParams (M)=122026.01 | 28.25 | 84.3 | 0.144 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MVSplatResolution=256x256, Evaluation Protocol=Standard2026.02 | 28.202 | 84.2 | 0.145 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TranSplatNumber of input views=6, Training dataset=RealEstate10K, Evaluation protocol=Zero-shot generalization (no fine-tuning)2025.09 | 28.17 | 84.2 | 0.146 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MVSplattraining_set=RE10K, fine-tuning=false2024.12 | 28.15 | 84.1 | 0.147 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MVSplatNumber of input views=6, Training dataset=RealEstate10K, Evaluation protocol=Zero-shot generalization (no fine-tuning)2025.09 | 28.15 | 84.1 | 0.147 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PixelSplatNumber of input views=22025.01 | 28.14 | 83.9 | 0.15 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| pixelSplatType=pure reconstruction-based2025.01 | 28.14 | 83.9 | 0.15 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| pixelSplatViews (#)=2, Params (M)=125.4, Evaluation Scenario=Interpolation2026.01 | 28.14 | 83.9 | 0.15 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MuRFNumber of input views=22025.01 | 28.09 | 84.1 | 0.155 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MuRFType=pure reconstruction-based2025.01 | 28.09 | 84.1 | 0.155 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MuRFViews (#)=2, Params (M)=5.3, Evaluation Scenario=Interpolation2026.01 | 28.09 | 84.1 | 0.155 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MuRFParams (M)=5.32026.01 | 28.09 | 84.1 | 0.155 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| pixelSplattraining_set=RE10K, fine-tuning=false2024.12 | 27.64 | 83 | 0.16 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| pixelSplatEvaluation Protocol=Average2026.02 | 27.478 | 84.9 | 0.244 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| pixelSplatViews (#)=2, Params (M)=125.4, Evaluation Scenario=Extrapolation2026.01 | 27.38 | 83.8 | 0.157 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GGNNumber of input views=6, Training dataset=RealEstate10K, Evaluation protocol=Zero-shot generalization (no fine-tuning)2025.09 | 26.97 | 81.4 | 0.196 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| studentSplatViews (#)=1, Params (M)=32.0, Evaluation Scenario=Extrapolation2026.01 | 26.94 | 76.7 | 0.16 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AttnRendNumber of input views=22025.01 | 26.88 | 79.9 | 0.218 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AttnRendType=pure reconstruction-based2025.01 | 26.88 | 79.9 | 0.218 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AttnRendViews (#)=2, Params (M)=125.1, Evaluation Scenario=Interpolation2026.01 | 26.88 | 79.9 | 0.218 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Du et al.Params (M)=125.12026.01 | 26.88 | 79.9 | 0.218 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPFSplatV2Pose Requirement Category=Self-Supervised Pose-Free, Pose Alignment=true, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 26.802 | 80.5 | 0.179 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPFSplatPose Requirement Category=Self-Supervised Pose-Free, Pose Alignment=true, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 26.697 | 80.6 | 0.181 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPFSplatV2-LPose Requirement Category=Self-Supervised Pose-Free, Pose Alignment=true, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 26.68 | 80.2 | 0.166 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NAS3Rprior=VGGT, supervision=Self-Supervised2026.03 | 26.663 | 80.7 | 0.166 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NAS3Rprior=MASt3R, supervision=Self-Supervised2026.03 | 26.492 | 80 | 0.183 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MVSplatViews (#)=2, Params (M)=12.0, Evaluation Scenario=Extrapolation2026.01 | 26.39 | 83.1 | 0.158 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPFSplatV2-Lsupervision=Self-Supervised2026.03 | 26.361 | 79.6 | 0.169 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPFSplatV2-LPose Requirement Category=Self-Supervised Pose-Free, Pose Alignment=false, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 26.361 | 79.6 | 0.169 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPFSplatV2supervision=Self-Supervised2026.03 | 26.22 | 78.9 | 0.185 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPFSplatV2Pose Requirement Category=Self-Supervised Pose-Free, Pose Alignment=false, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 26.22 | 78.9 | 0.185 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DepthSplatPose Requirement Category=Pose-Required, Pose Alignment=false, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 26.012 | 79.1 | 0.185 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPFSplatsupervision=Self-Supervised2026.03 | 25.965 | 78.1 | 0.19 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPFSplatPose Requirement Category=Self-Supervised Pose-Free, Pose Alignment=false, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 25.965 | 78.1 | 0.19 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NoPoSplatsupervision=Supervised2026.03 | 25.765 | 77.6 | 0.199 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NoPoSplatPose Requirement Category=Supervised Pose-Free, Pose Alignment=true, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 25.764 | 77.6 | 0.199 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| HiSplatEvaluation Protocol=Average2026.02 | 25.7 | 84.2 | 0.231 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MVSplatTraining Data=RE10K, Supervision=Supervised, Random Initialization=false2026.03 | 25.525 | 77.3 | 0.199 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MVSplatPose Requirement Category=Pose-Required, Pose Alignment=false, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 25.525 | 77.3 | 0.199 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SurfSplatEvaluation Protocol=Average2026.02 | 25.486 | 78.3 | 0.294 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| pixelSplatTraining Data=RE10K, Supervision=Supervised, Random Initialization=false2026.03 | 25.477 | 77 | 0.207 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| pixelSplatPose Requirement Category=Pose-Required, Pose Alignment=false, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 25.477 | 77 | 0.207 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GPNRNumber of input views=22025.01 | 25.28 | 76.4 | 0.332 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GPNRType=pure reconstruction-based2025.01 | 25.28 | 76.4 | 0.332 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GPNRViews (#)=2, Params (M)=9.6, Evaluation Scenario=Interpolation2026.01 | 25.28 | 76.4 | 0.332 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GPNRParams (M)=9.62026.01 | 25.28 | 76.4 | 0.332 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SplatterImageViews (#)=1, Params (M)=62.1, Evaluation Scenario=Extrapolation2026.01 | 25.08 | 73.8 | 0.204 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NAS3RTraining Data=RE10K, Supervision=Self-Supervised, Random Initialization=false2026.03 | 25.03 | 73.4 | 0.209 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| latentSplatParams (M)=1872026.01 | 24.95 | 78.2 | 0.207 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| YoNoSplatPose Requirement Category=Pose-Required, Pose Alignment=false, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 24.246 | 72.1 | 0.222 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NAS3RTraining Data=DL3DV, Supervision=Self-Supervised, Random Initialization=false2026.03 | 24.178 | 69.7 | 0.229 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ViewCrafterType=combined reconstruction and generation-based2025.01 | 23.48 | 66 | 0.299 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| pixelSplatViews (#)=1, Params (M)=125.4, Evaluation Scenario=Extrapolation2026.01 | 23.4 | 67 | 0.242 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPFSplatTraining Data=RE10K, Supervision=Self-Supervised, Random Initialization=true2026.03 | 23.354 | 66.2 | 0.26 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NoPoSplatTraining Data=RE10K, Supervision=Supervised, Random Initialization=true2026.03 | 23.193 | 66.7 | 0.274 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AdaptiveSplatPruning Ratio (β)=0.4, Finetuning=Yes2026.07 | 22.55 | 64.2 | 0.301 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AdaptiveSplatBackbone=HiSplat, Pruning ratio (β)=0.42026.07 | 22.549 | 64 | 0.299 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AdaptiveSplatPruning Ratio (β)=0.5, Finetuning=Yes2026.07 | 22.47 | 63.9 | 0.304 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SelfSplatTraining Data=DL3DV, Supervision=Self-Supervised, Random Initialization=false2026.03 | 22.41 | 67.8 | 0.348 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AdaptiveSplatBackbone=HiSplat, Pruning ratio (β)=0.62026.07 | 22.31 | 62.7 | 0.31 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AdaptiveSplatPruning Ratio (β)=0.6, Finetuning=Yes2026.07 | 22.31 | 63.1 | 0.312 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AdaptiveSplatBackbone=HiSplat, Finetuning=false, Pruning budget (beta)=0.42026.07 | 22.294 | 64 | 0.2991 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SelfSplatTraining Data=RE10K, Supervision=Self-Supervised, Random Initialization=false2026.03 | 22.204 | 68.6 | 0.316 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SelfSplatPose Requirement Category=Self-Supervised Pose-Free, Pose Alignment=false, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 22.204 | 68.6 | 0.316 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AdaptiveSplatBackbone=HiSplat, Finetuning=false, Pruning budget (beta)=0.62026.07 | 22.11 | 62.7 | 0.31 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LightGaussianBackbone=HiSplat, Finetuning=false, Pruning budget (beta)=0.42026.07 | 21.986 | 70.5 | 0.32 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LightGaussianBackbone=HiSplat, Finetuning=false, Pruning budget (beta)=0.62026.07 | 21.986 | 70.5 | 0.32 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AdaptiveSplatPruning Ratio (β)=0.7, Finetuning=Yes2026.07 | 21.96 | 61.9 | 0.321 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AdaptiveSplatPruning Ratio (β)=0.8, Finetuning=Yes2026.07 | 21.06 | 59.2 | 0.342 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AdaptiveSplatBackbone=HiSplat, Pruning ratio (β)=0.82026.07 | 21.055 | 59.3 | 0.342 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PixelNeRFNumber of input views=22025.01 | 20.97 | 54.7 | 0.533 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| pixelNeRFType=pure reconstruction-based2025.01 | 20.97 | 54.7 | 0.533 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| pixelNeRFViews (#)=2, Params (M)=28.2, Evaluation Scenario=Interpolation2026.01 | 20.97 | 54.7 | 0.533 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| pixelNeRFParams (M)=28.22026.01 | 20.97 | 54.7 | 0.533 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AdaptiveSplatBackbone=HiSplat, Finetuning=false, Pruning budget (beta)=0.82026.07 | 20.74 | 59.3 | 0.342 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PF3platsupervision=Self-Supervised2026.03 | 20.726 | 61 | 0.308 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PF3platPose Requirement Category=Self-Supervised Pose-Free, Pose Alignment=false, Training Dataset=RE10K2025.09 | 20.726 | 61 | 0.308 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TranSplatEvaluation Protocol=Average2026.02 | 20.401 | 71.4 | 0.373 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MVSplatEvaluation Protocol=Average2026.02 | 20.263 | 70.8 | 0.373 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MVSplatViews (#)=1, Params (M)=12.0, Evaluation Scenario=Extrapolation2026.01 | 20.17 | 58.1 | 0.288 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AnySplatPose Requirement Category=Self-Supervised Pose-Free, Pose Alignment=false, Training Dataset=Mixed (including DL3DV and ScanNet++)2025.09 | 19.908 | 59.6 | 0.346 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LightGaussianBackbone=HiSplat, Pruning ratio (β)=0.42026.07 | 19.785 | 56.6 | 0.604 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| EAGLESBackbone=HiSplat, Pruning ratio (β)=0.62026.07 | 19.769 | 56.5 | 0.605 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |