ResearchBenchmarksNeural Operator Learning on δ-HelmholtzFollow0.0013Relative L2 ErrorUFO-0.0438080.2606710.565150.869629May 12, 2026Evaluation ResultsMethodMethodLinksRelative L2 ErrorBarron Relative ErrorUFOδ=4.3δ=4.32026.050.00130.0343FNOδ=4.3δ=4.32026.050.00780.1042UFOδ=-30.8δ=-30.82026.050.05691.1394UFOδ=30.8δ=30.82026.050.05790.4856DeepONetδ=-30.8δ=-30.82026.050.06410.5667DeepONetδ=30.8δ=30.82026.050.22223.2333DeepONetδ=4.3δ=4.32026.050.22790.1331FNOδ=30.8δ=30.82026.050.38990.7637FNOδ=-30.8δ=-30.82026.051.1291.6335