Multivariate Forecasting on Traffic
0.125MSEPAMNet
Evaluation Results
| Method | Links | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| PAMNetPrediction Length=1922026.05 | 0.125 | 0.196 | |
| PAMNetPrediction Length=3362026.05 | 0.127 | 0.201 | |
| TQNetPrediction Length=962026.05 | 0.129 | 0.201 | |
| TQNetPrediction Length=1922026.05 | 0.131 | 0.204 | |
| TQNetPrediction Length=3362026.05 | 0.131 | 0.208 | |
| PAMNetPrediction Length=962026.05 | 0.132 | 0.193 | |
| PAMNetPrediction Length=Avg2026.05 | 0.132 | 0.201 | |
| TQNetPrediction Length=Avg2026.05 | 0.135 | 0.21 | |
| PAMNetPrediction Length=7202026.05 | 0.142 | 0.215 | |
| TQNetPrediction Length=7202026.05 | 0.148 | 0.228 | |
| CrossLinearPrediction Length=3362026.05 | 0.148 | 0.229 | |
| CrossLinearPrediction Length=962026.05 | 0.149 | 0.223 | |
| CrossLinearPrediction Length=1922026.05 | 0.149 | 0.225 | |
| TimeXerPrediction Length=3362026.05 | 0.15 | 0.232 | |
| TimeXerPrediction Length=962026.05 | 0.151 | 0.224 | |
| CrossLinearPrediction Length=Avg2026.05 | 0.152 | 0.231 | |
| TimeXerPrediction Length=1922026.05 | 0.152 | 0.229 | |
| iTransformerPrediction Length=3362026.05 | 0.154 | 0.243 | |
| TimeXerPrediction Length=Avg2026.05 | 0.156 | 0.235 | |
| iTransformerPrediction Length=962026.05 | 0.156 | 0.236 | |
| iTransformerPrediction Length=1922026.05 | 0.156 | 0.237 | |
| CrossLinearPrediction Length=7202026.05 | 0.161 | 0.247 | |
| iTransformerPrediction Length=Avg2026.05 | 0.161 | 0.246 | |
| TimeXerPrediction Length=7202026.05 | 0.172 | 0.253 | |
| iTransformerPrediction Length=7202026.05 | 0.177 | 0.268 | |
| GLinearPrediction Length=12, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.3222 | 0.2385 | |
| GLinearPrediction Length=24, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.3369 | 0.2471 | |
| SSCNNprediction lengths S={3, 24, 96, 192, 336}, averaging=all prediction lengths2024.01 | 0.338 | 0.235 | |
| iTransformerprediction lengths S={3, 24, 96, 192, 336}, averaging=all prediction lengths2024.01 | 0.343 | 0.246 | |
| GPHTHorizon (H)=96, Lookback Window (L)=336, Method Category=Ours, Training Protocol=Fine-tuned2024.02 | 0.346 | 0.234 | |
| PatchTSTprediction lengths S={3, 24, 96, 192, 336}, averaging=all prediction lengths2024.01 | 0.349 | 0.241 | |
| CI-TSMixer-BestPrediction Length=962023.06 | 0.356 | 0.248 | |
| PatchTSTPrediction Length=962023.06 | 0.36 | 0.249 | |
| SCNNprediction lengths S={3, 24, 96, 192, 336}, averaging=all prediction lengths2024.01 | 0.36 | 0.254 | |
| DLinearPrediction Length=12, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.361 | 0.2644 | |
| NLinearPrediction Length=12, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.3623 | 0.2662 | |
| GLinearPrediction Length=48, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.363 | 0.2607 | |
| SimMTMHorizon (H)=96, Lookback Window (L)=336, Method Category=Self-supervised, Training Protocol=Standard2024.02 | 0.368 | 0.262 | |
| DLinearPrediction Length=24, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.3709 | 0.2672 | |
| NLinearPrediction Length=24, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.3719 | 0.2682 | |
| Timer-XLForecast Length=Avg, Lookback Length=6722025.08 | 0.374 | 0.255 | |
| Crossformerprediction lengths S={3, 24, 96, 192, 336}, averaging=all prediction lengths2024.01 | 0.375 | 0.254 | |
| RLinearPrediction Length=12, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.3762 | 0.2744 | |
| HGTS-FormerForecast Length=Avg, Lookback Length=6722025.08 | 0.379 | 0.26 | |
| RLinearPrediction Length=24, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.3834 | 0.2775 | |
| CI-TSMixer-BestForecast Horizon (FL)=3362023.06 | 0.385 | — | |
| TSMixer2024.02 | 0.386 | 0.263 | |
| TimeMixerprediction lengths S={3, 24, 96, 192, 336}, averaging=all prediction lengths2024.01 | 0.387 | 0.271 | |
| GLinearPrediction Length=96, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.3875 | 0.2718 | |
| CI-TSMixerForecast Horizon (FL)=3362023.06 | 0.388 | — | |
| GTTEvaluation Protocol=Fine-Tune2024.02 | 0.39 | 0.257 | |
| PatchTST2024.02 | 0.391 | 0.264 | |
| DLinearPrediction Length=48, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.3932 | 0.276 | |
| NLinearPrediction Length=48, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.3945 | 0.2769 | |
| GTTEvaluation Protocol=Zero-Shot2024.02 | 0.404 | 0.26 | |
| RLinearPrediction Length=48, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.4041 | 0.2864 | |
| GLinearPrediction Length=192, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.4056 | 0.2802 | |
| DLinearPrediction Length=96, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.4104 | 0.2829 | |
| NLinearPrediction Length=96, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.4113 | 0.282 | |
| GPT4TS2024.02 | 0.414 | 0.294 | |
| RLinearPrediction Length=96, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.4194 | 0.2921 | |
| GLinearPrediction Length=336, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.42 | 0.2871 | |
| DLinearPrediction Length=192, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.4229 | 0.2881 | |
| CI-TSMixer-BestForecast Horizon (FL)=7202023.06 | 0.424 | — | |
| CI-TSMixer-BestPrediction Length=7202023.06 | 0.424 | 0.283 | |
| iTransformerBackbone=Transformer-based, Normalization=TIFO2026.02 | 0.424 | 0.282 | |
| NLinearPrediction Length=192, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.4245 | 0.2872 | |
| CI-TSMixerForecast Horizon (FL)=7202023.06 | 0.426 | — | |
| DLinearprediction lengths S={3, 24, 96, 192, 336}, averaging=all prediction lengths2024.01 | 0.426 | 0.29 | |
| iTransformer2024.02 | 0.428 | 0.282 | |
| iTransformerLookback length (T)=96, Prediction length (S)=96, 192, 336, 7202023.10 | 0.428 | 0.282 | |
| iTransformerInput length=96, Output lengths={96, 192, 336, 720}, Averaging protocol=averaged from all output lengths2024.05 | 0.428 | 0.282 | |
| DLinearBackbone=MLP-based, Normalization=TIFO2026.02 | 0.43 | 0.291 | |
| iTransformerBackbone=Transformer-based, Normalization=RevIN2026.02 | 0.43 | 0.312 | |
| DLinearBackbone=MLP-based, Normalization=TIFO*2026.02 | 0.432 | 0.297 | |
| RLinearPrediction Length=192, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.4323 | 0.2965 | |
| DLinear2024.02 | 0.434 | 0.295 | |
| DLinearPrediction Length=336, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.4362 | 0.2961 | |
| NLinearPrediction Length=336, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.4375 | 0.2943 | |
| DLinearBackbone=MLP-based, Normalization=SAN2026.02 | 0.44 | 0.302 | |
| RLinearPrediction Length=336, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.4451 | 0.3027 | |
| GLinearPrediction Length=720, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.4488 | 0.3038 | |
| ForecastGrapherInput length=96, Output lengths={96, 192, 336, 720}, Averaging protocol=averaged from all output lengths2024.05 | 0.458 | 0.292 | |
| iTransformerBackbone=Transformer-based, Normalization=TIFO*2026.02 | 0.459 | 0.313 | |
| NLinearPrediction Length=720, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.4657 | 0.3109 | |
| DLinearPrediction Length=720, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.466 | 0.3152 | |
| RLinearPrediction Length=720, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.4733 | 0.3191 | |
| PatchTSTLookback length (T)=96, Prediction length (S)=96, 192, 336, 7202023.10 | 0.481 | 0.304 | |
| PatchTSTInput length=96, Output lengths={96, 192, 336, 720}, Averaging protocol=averaged from all output lengths2024.05 | 0.481 | 0.304 | |
| Crossformer2024.02 | 0.506 | 0.285 | |
| iTransformerBackbone=Transformer-based, Normalization=SAN2026.02 | 0.52 | 0.341 | |
| CrossFormerForecast Horizon (FL)=3362023.06 | 0.53 | — | |
| iTransformerBackbone=Transformer-based, Normalization=FAN2026.02 | 0.536 | 0.339 | |
| DLinearBackbone=MLP-based, Normalization=FAN2026.02 | 0.541 | 0.346 | |
| CrossformerLookback length (T)=96, Prediction length (S)=96, 192, 336, 7202023.10 | 0.55 | 0.304 | |
| CrossformerInput length=96, Output lengths={96, 192, 336, 720}, Averaging protocol=averaged from all output lengths2024.05 | 0.55 | 0.304 | |
| AutoformerPrediction Length=12, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.5624 | 0.383 | |
| CrossFormerForecast Horizon (FL)=7202023.06 | 0.573 | — | |
| TimesNetprediction lengths S={3, 24, 96, 192, 336}, averaging=all prediction lengths2024.01 | 0.579 | 0.314 | |
| AutoformerPrediction Length=24, Input Sequence Length=336, Learning Rate=0.0012025.01 | 0.5801 | 0.3786 |