Multi-bit LLM Watermarking on C4 GEMMA2-9B-BASE Max 128 Tokens
100AUCBiMark
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BiMarkBit Length=16 bits2026.02 | 100 | 41 | 11.06 | 0.031 | |
| WorldCupBit Length=16 bits, k=22026.02 | 100 | 85 | 10.94 | 0.009 | |
| WorldCupBit Length=32 bits, k=22026.02 | 100 | 10.5 | 10.66 | 0.009 | |
| WorldCupBit Length=24 bits, k=22026.02 | 99.9 | 50 | 10.44 | 0.008 | |
| WorldCupBit Length=16 bits, k=12026.02 | 99.8 | 71 | 7.25 | 0.007 | |
| BiMarkBit Length=24 bits2026.02 | 99.8 | 8.5 | 11.63 | 0.03 | |
| WorldCupBit Length=24 bits, k=12026.02 | 99.8 | 28 | 7.375 | 0.008 | |
| BiMarkBit Length=32 bits2026.02 | 99.6 | 0.5 | 12 | 0.031 | |
| WorldCupBit Length=32 bits, k=12026.02 | 99.6 | 6 | 7.125 | 0.008 | |
| WorldCupBit Length=48 bits, k=22026.02 | 99.6 | 1.5 | 10.5 | 0.009 | |
| BiMarkBit Length=48 bits2026.02 | 98.5 | 0 | 11.53 | 0.029 | |
| WorldCupBit Length=48 bits, k=12026.02 | 98.3 | 0 | 7 | 0.009 | |
| MPACBit Length=16 bits2026.02 | 98 | 30.5 | 13.69 | 0.045 | |
| SegMarkBit Length=16 bits2026.02 | 97.9 | 51 | 13.19 | 1.234 | |
| MPACBit Length=24 bits2026.02 | 97.2 | 8.5 | 13.69 | 0.044 | |
| MPACBit Length=32 bits2026.02 | 94.7 | 0.5 | 13.81 | 0.046 | |
| MPACBit Length=48 bits2026.02 | 93.6 | 0 | 14 | 0.048 | |
| SegMarkBit Length=24 bits2026.02 | 84.9 | 19 | 13.19 | 1.67 | |
| SegMarkBit Length=32 bits2026.02 | 82.4 | 2.5 | 12.75 | 1.751 | |
| SegMarkBit Length=48 bits2026.02 | 77 | 0 | 13.38 | 2.668 |