Medical Visual Question Answering on OmniMedVQA (test)
85.2CT AccuracyGPT-5
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GPT-5Param.=–2026.06 | 85.2 | 89 | — | 86.8 | 84 | — | 88.5 | 64.5 | 82.5 | 81.5 | — | — | — | — | 80.5 | — | — | — | — | |
| M3LLM-8BParameters=8B2025.11 | 85.1 | 85.5 | 89.3 | 90.2 | 79.8 | 83.6 | 88.7 | 78.2 | 85.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MedLVR (ours)Model Category=Medical VLM, Reasoning Paradigm=Think in Latent Space2026.04 | 80.4 | — | — | 80.2 | — | — | 77.5 | 51.8 | 78 | 82 | — | — | 76.6 | 81.9 | 70.2 | — | — | — | — | |
| InternVL3-8BParameters=8B2025.11 | 78.9 | 87.5 | 80.4 | 77.2 | 81.8 | 82.2 | 87.3 | 76.4 | 79 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Lingshu-7BParameters=7B2025.11 | 77.2 | 88.9 | 83.3 | 89.9 | 83.2 | 82.7 | 86.4 | 80.6 | 82.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MedGemma-27BParameters=27B2025.11 | 75.5 | 80.8 | 66.1 | 76.3 | 74 | 66.1 | 78.5 | 55.8 | 70.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Med-R1Model Category=Medical VLM, Reasoning Paradigm=Think about Images2026.04 | 73.5 | — | — | 82.2 | — | — | 83.7 | 45.2 | 71.1 | 68.8 | — | — | 68.9 | 77.4 | 69.5 | — | — | — | — | |
| Qwen3.5-9BParam.=9B2026.06 | 72.2 | 75 | — | 69.8 | 68 | — | 77.5 | 42.9 | 67.8 | 68.5 | — | — | — | — | 68.5 | — | — | — | — | |
| Qwen2.5VL-32BParam.=32B2026.06 | 70.5 | 72.4 | — | 69.1 | 67.2 | — | 76 | 39.1 | 66 | 69.7 | — | — | — | — | 65.9 | — | — | — | — | |
| HealthGPT-14BParameters=14B2025.11 | 70.3 | 82.5 | 83.6 | 88 | 69 | 72.7 | 83.7 | 56.7 | 75.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| HuatuoGPT-Vision-7BParameters=7B2025.11 | 70 | 84.2 | 72.1 | 85.7 | 72.5 | 75.7 | 81.9 | 81.2 | 77.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Qwen2.5VL-7BParam.=7B2026.06 | 69.7 | 74.5 | — | 59.6 | 60.5 | — | 76.2 | 32.4 | 61.4 | 61.3 | — | — | — | — | 64.4 | — | — | — | — | |
| UniReason-MedParam.=7B2026.06 | 69.7 | 85.3 | — | 82.2 | 70.9 | — | 81.3 | 34.2 | 71.1 | 78.9 | — | — | — | — | 66.9 | — | — | — | — | |
| Qwen3-VLCategory=General, Size=32B, Mode=Non-thinking, Teacher Model=-2026.01 | 68 | — | — | 85 | 83.67 | 81.67 | 86.33 | 66.33 | 79.33 | 79.33 | 84.33 | 79.33 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Qwen2-VL-72BModel Category=General-purpose VLM, Evaluation Protocol=Zero-shot2026.04 | 68 | — | — | 72.8 | — | — | 77.2 | 51.4 | 68.1 | 69.4 | — | — | 65.3 | 72.6 | 67.8 | — | — | — | — | |
| Qwen3-VLCategory=General, Size=32B, Mode=Thinking, Teacher Model=-2026.01 | 66.33 | — | — | 78.67 | 77 | 80.67 | 84 | 62.67 | 75.42 | 77.67 | 76.33 | 75.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Qwen2.5-VL-72BModel Category=General-purpose VLM, Evaluation Protocol=Zero-shot2026.04 | 66.2 | — | — | 69.2 | — | — | 77.6 | 49.8 | 67.7 | 68.7 | — | — | 69.8 | 71 | 69.4 | — | — | — | — | |
| Qwen3-VLCategory=General, Size=8B, Mode=Thinking, Teacher Model=-2026.01 | 65.67 | — | — | 63.33 | 67.33 | 82 | 81.33 | 58.67 | 69.42 | 70 | 67 | 69.33 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ViTARModel Category=Medical VLM, Reasoning Paradigm=Think with Images2026.04 | 64 | — | — | 84.2 | — | — | 81 | 84.9 | 74.2 | 68.6 | — | — | 82.3 | 83.4 | 78.4 | — | — | — | — | |
| LISAParam.=7B2026.06 | 63 | 46.7 | — | 66.2 | 41.6 | — | 62.3 | 32.1 | 52 | 49 | — | — | — | — | 54.7 | — | — | — | — | |
| MedPLIBParam.=12B2026.06 | 62.7 | 65 | — | 75.1 | 51.5 | — | 60.3 | 38.8 | 60.6 | 67 | — | — | — | — | 64.4 | — | — | — | — | |
| HuatuoGPTCategory=Medical, Size=7B, Mode=Non-thinking, Teacher Model=-2026.01 | 62.67 | — | — | 76.33 | 64 | 63.33 | 69.33 | 49.67 | 65.29 | 67.33 | 69.67 | 65 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| QWen2.5-VL-7BParameters=7B2025.11 | 62.5 | 70.8 | 66.4 | 66.2 | 68 | 70.9 | 76.8 | 35.6 | 64.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Qwen3-VLCategory=General, Size=8B, Mode=Non-thinking, Teacher Model=-2026.01 | 62 | — | — | 75.33 | 76.67 | 84 | 85.67 | 61.67 | 74.75 | 73.67 | 79 | 74.91 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| KEPO (τ = 1)Category=Ours, Size=2B, Mode=Thinking, Teacher Model=Qwen3-VL-32B2026.01 | 62 | — | — | 82.33 | 78.67 | 81.67 | 85 | 74 | 80.25 | 96 | 82.33 | 78 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Qwen2-VL-7BModel Category=General-purpose VLM, Evaluation Protocol=Zero-shot2026.04 | 61.5 | — | — | 59.3 | — | — | 64.3 | 36 | 54.6 | 45.8 | — | — | 49.1 | 59.8 | 61.1 | — | — | — | — | |
| Qwen2.5-VL-7BModel Category=General-purpose VLM, Evaluation Protocol=Zero-shot2026.04 | 60.4 | — | — | 61.2 | — | — | 74 | 30.7 | 60.3 | 58.4 | — | — | 62.5 | 67.3 | 67.8 | — | — | — | — | |
| BLIP-2Param.=4B2026.06 | 59.9 | 67.6 | — | 69.6 | 40.9 | — | 65 | 39.1 | 54.6 | 43.5 | — | — | — | — | 51.5 | — | — | — | — | |
| BLIP-2†Model Category=General-purpose VLM, Evaluation Protocol=Zero-shot2026.04 | 56.7 | — | — | 68.1 | — | — | 67.6 | 37.3 | 51 | 41.3 | — | — | 40.7 | 46.2 | 50.4 | — | — | — | — | |
| KEPO - KE (τ = 1)Category=Ours, Size=2B, Mode=Thinking, Teacher Model=Qwen3-VL-32B2026.01 | 55.33 | — | — | 77.33 | 74.67 | 83.67 | 81 | 72 | 76.29 | 83.67 | 82.67 | 75.24 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| KEPO (τ = 0)Category=Ours, Size=2B, Mode=Thinking, Teacher Model=Qwen3-VL-32B2026.01 | 54.67 | — | — | 78 | 79 | 83.67 | 82.67 | 72.33 | 78.71 | 95.67 | 83.67 | 76.29 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Qwen2.5-VL-3BModel Category=General-purpose VLM, Evaluation Protocol=Zero-shot2026.04 | 53.9 | — | — | 56.2 | — | — | 61.8 | 32.7 | 54.2 | 54.2 | — | — | 52.9 | 62.5 | 59.6 | — | — | — | — | |
| KEPO - KE (τ = 0)Category=Ours, Size=2B, Mode=Thinking, Teacher Model=Qwen3-VL-32B2026.01 | 53.33 | — | — | 75.67 | 82 | 84.33 | 81.33 | 72.67 | 75.58 | 81.33 | 74 | 74.76 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SFT BaseCategory=Std. FT, Size=2B, Mode=Non-thinking, Teacher Model=-2026.01 | 53 | — | — | 67.67 | 64.67 | 78 | 79.67 | 55.33 | 69.79 | 85.33 | 74.67 | 67.57 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| On-policy KD (λ = 1)Category=MM-GKD, Size=2B, Mode=Thinking, Teacher Model=Qwen3-VL-32B2026.01 | 52.67 | — | — | 58.33 | 67 | 73.67 | 79.67 | 75 | 65.92 | 59.67 | 61.33 | 66.81 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GRPO BaseCategory=Std. FT, Size=2B, Mode=Thinking, Teacher Model=-2026.01 | 51 | — | — | 73.33 | 75 | 84 | 78 | 73 | 74.33 | 79 | 81.33 | 73.67 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Supervised KD (λ = 0)Category=MM-GKD, Size=2B, Mode=Non-thinking, Teacher Model=Qwen3-VL-32B2026.01 | 50.67 | — | — | 73 | 73.33 | 83.33 | 78 | 74.67 | 73.92 | 78.67 | 79.67 | 73.24 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Qwen3-VLCategory=General, Size=2B, Mode=Thinking, Teacher Model=-2026.01 | 50.33 | — | — | 55.33 | 68.33 | 75.67 | 79.67 | 74.33 | 67.46 | 64 | 72 | 67.95 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Mixed KD (λ = 0.5)Category=MM-GKD, Size=2B, Mode=Non-thinking, Teacher Model=Qwen3-VL-32B2026.01 | 49.33 | — | — | 73 | 70.67 | 82.33 | 77.67 | 74.33 | 73.04 | 77.67 | 79.33 | 72.38 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Qwen3-VLCategory=General, Size=2B, Mode=Non-thinking, Teacher Model=-2026.01 | 48.67 | — | — | 68.67 | 68 | 79.33 | 79 | 73.33 | 69.42 | 61.33 | 77 | 70.57 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| On-policy KD (λ = 1)Category=MM-GKD, Size=2B, Mode=Non-thinking, Teacher Model=Qwen3-VL-32B2026.01 | 48.67 | — | — | 73 | 71.33 | 82.67 | 78.67 | 74.67 | 73.13 | 78.33 | 77.67 | 72.38 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| KEPO - KE (τ = 0)Category=Ours, Size=2B, Mode=Non-thinking, Teacher Model=Qwen3-VL-32B2026.01 | 48.33 | — | — | 73 | 70 | 80.33 | 77 | 71.67 | 71.33 | 77.67 | 79 | 72.13 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GRPO BaseCategory=Std. FT, Size=2B, Mode=Non-Thinking, Teacher Model=-2026.01 | 48 | — | — | 73.67 | 71.67 | 80 | 78.33 | 72.33 | 73.12 | 80 | 81 | 72.14 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Qwen2-VL-2BModel Category=General-purpose VLM, Evaluation Protocol=Zero-shot2026.04 | 45.1 | — | — | 35.1 | — | — | 39.3 | 30.9 | 38.1 | 38.6 | — | — | 35.8 | 43.2 | 36.9 | — | — | — | — | |
| MedVInT†Model Category=Medical VLM, Evaluation Protocol=Zero-shot2026.04 | 40.7 | — | — | 23.3 | — | — | 55.1 | 41.3 | 37.1 | 43.1 | — | — | 29.1 | 31.8 | 32 | — | — | — | — | |
| InternVL2Model Category=General-purpose VLM, Evaluation Protocol=Zero-shot2026.04 | 40.2 | — | — | 59.1 | — | — | 57.9 | 49.1 | 54.2 | 58.1 | — | — | 51.9 | 53.2 | 64 | — | — | — | — | |
| LLaVA-Med-7BParameters=7B2025.11 | 38.7 | 48.3 | 39.5 | 45.7 | 58.8 | 49.3 | 43.4 | 48.1 | 46.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Med-Flamingo†Model Category=Medical VLM, Evaluation Protocol=Zero-shot2026.04 | 38.5 | — | — | 26.5 | — | — | 30.3 | 24.6 | 30.4 | 40.6 | — | — | 32.4 | 30.1 | 19.9 | — | — | — | — | |
| HealthGPTModel Category=Medical VLM, Evaluation Protocol=Zero-shot2026.04 | 35.5 | — | — | 89.3 | — | — | 81.9 | 51.4 | 68 | 78.5 | — | — | 64.9 | 54.6 | 88.2 | — | — | — | — | |
| HuatuoGPT-VisionModel Category=Medical VLM, Evaluation Protocol=Zero-shot2026.04 | 35.3 | — | — | 59.3 | — | — | 41.5 | 60.1 | 50.4 | 40.4 | — | — | 53.1 | 51.4 | 62.3 | — | — | — | — | |
| LLaVA-NeXT-7BParameters=7B2025.11 | 31.7 | 27 | 24.6 | 25.7 | 30.2 | 26.6 | 25.8 | 25.5 | 27.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LLaVA-7BParameters=7B2025.11 | 30.7 | 26.1 | 23.9 | 24.8 | 30.7 | 26.4 | 23 | 25.1 | 26 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| InstructBLIPParam.=7B2026.06 | 29.5 | 44.3 | — | 45.5 | 63 | — | 58.1 | 43.4 | 46.1 | 36.1 | — | — | — | — | 48.7 | — | — | — | — | |
| InstructBLIP†Model Category=General-purpose VLM, Evaluation Protocol=Zero-shot2026.04 | 28.7 | — | — | 42.6 | — | — | 61 | 41.3 | 45.7 | 33.2 | — | — | 62.2 | 50.3 | 46.3 | — | — | — | — | |
| RadFMParam.=14B2026.06 | 27.9 | 31.4 | — | 34 | 38.3 | — | 26.6 | 16.5 | 28.2 | 24.7 | — | — | — | — | 26.3 | — | — | — | — | |
| RadFM†Model Category=Medical VLM, Evaluation Protocol=Zero-shot2026.04 | 27.6 | — | — | 32.8 | — | — | 31 | 16.6 | 29.5 | 24.1 | — | — | 39.2 | 36.9 | 28 | — | — | — | — | |
| MiniGPT-4Param.=7B2026.06 | 23.7 | 42.5 | — | 33.6 | 41.3 | — | 37.2 | 26.4 | 32.8 | 28.7 | — | — | — | — | 29.3 | — | — | — | — | |
| VPGTransParam.=7B2026.06 | 22.9 | 36.8 | — | 27.2 | 45.4 | — | 44.2 | 27.5 | 32 | 26.5 | — | — | — | — | 25.5 | — | — | — | — | |
| MiniGPT-4†Model Category=General-purpose VLM, Evaluation Protocol=Zero-shot2026.04 | 22.8 | — | — | 31.4 | — | — | 38.3 | 25.5 | 32.5 | 27.5 | — | — | 40.3 | 38.3 | 36.2 | — | — | — | — | |
| LLaMA Adapter v2†Model Category=General-purpose VLM, Evaluation Protocol=Zero-shot2026.04 | 21.4 | — | — | 33 | — | — | 46.4 | 34.1 | 37.8 | 26.6 | — | — | 51.8 | 50.7 | 38.7 | — | — | — | — | |
| LLaVA-MedParam.=7B2026.06 | 19.6 | 43.1 | — | 39 | 46.4 | — | 32.4 | 30.4 | 33.8 | 30.5 | — | — | — | — | 29.3 | — | — | — | — | |
| LLaVA-Med†Model Category=Medical VLM, Evaluation Protocol=Zero-shot2026.04 | 18.7 | — | — | 34.6 | — | — | 30.7 | 29.9 | 32.3 | 27.5 | — | — | 45 | 39 | 33.3 | — | — | — | — | |
| LLaVAParam.=7B2026.06 | 18.3 | 34.1 | — | 37.2 | 49.7 | — | 28.4 | 23.2 | 31 | 28.9 | — | — | — | — | 37.8 | — | — | — | — | |
| LLaVA†Model Category=General-purpose VLM, Evaluation Protocol=Zero-shot2026.04 | 17.7 | — | — | 33.7 | — | — | 30.7 | 18.7 | 31.7 | 26.7 | — | — | 49.7 | 47.1 | 28.9 | — | — | — | — | |
| Base ModelBackbone=Qwen2-VL-7B-Instruct, Trained on=OmniMedVQA2026.06 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.381 | 0.381 | 56.7 | 58.7 | |
| ConfTunerBackbone=Qwen2-VL-7B-Instruct, Trained on=OmniMedVQA2026.06 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.068 | 0.148 | 86 | 67.4 | |
| OursBackbone=Qwen2-VL-7B-Instruct, Trained on=OmniMedVQA2026.06 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.136 | 0.143 | 88.4 | 66 | |
| SteerConfBackbone=Qwen2-VL-7B-Instruct, Trained on=OmniMedVQA2026.06 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.082 | 0.222 | 70.5 | 56.2 | |
| Top-K SamplingBackbone=Qwen2-VL-7B-Instruct, Trained on=OmniMedVQA2026.06 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.184 | 0.259 | 66.9 | 60.6 |