ResearchBenchmarksLarge-scale sparse multi-objective optimization on PM5Follow0.1722Hypervolume (HV)PAMEA0.0946740.1148110.1349490.155086Mar 12, 2026Evaluation ResultsMethodMethodLinksHypervolume (HV)PAMEAD=5000D=50002026.030.1722TS-SparseEAD=5000D=50002026.030.1701MOEA/CKFD=5000D=50002026.030.1653DKCAD=5000D=50002026.030.1646SCEAD=5000D=50002026.030.1586S-NSGA-IID=5000D=50002026.030.0977