Image-level Anomaly Detection on MVTec AD (test)
99.7Overall AUROCMSFlow
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MSFlowTaxonomy=Flow-based, Venue=Ours2023.08 | 99.7 | 100 | 99.5 | 99.2 | 100 | 100 | 99.6 | 97.8 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 99.6 | 100 | 99.8 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MemKDDistillation Paradigm=Reverse Distillation2024.12 | 99.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AST2022.10 | 99.2 | 100 | 98.5 | 99.7 | 100 | 98.5 | 99.1 | 99.7 | 96.6 | 99.3 | 99.1 | 99.1 | 97.5 | 99.1 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 99.3 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PatchCore2022.10 | 99.1 | 100 | 99.5 | 98.1 | 100 | 100 | 96.6 | 98.1 | 100 | 100 | 99.4 | 99.2 | 98.7 | 98.2 | 100 | 98.7 | 98.8 | 98.3 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PatchCoreTaxonomy=Clustering-based, Venue=CVPR 222023.08 | 99.1 | 100 | 99.5 | 98.1 | 100 | 100 | 96.6 | 98.1 | 100 | 100 | 98.8 | 99.1 | 98.7 | 98.2 | 100 | 98.7 | 99.2 | 99 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SSPCABTaxonomy=Reconstruction-based, Venue=CVPR 222023.08 | 98.9 | 98.4 | 96.9 | 99.3 | 100 | 100 | 99.8 | 97.9 | 100 | 92.9 | 100 | 98.5 | 98.2 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 99.5 | 99.5 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| THFRDistillation Paradigm=Reverse Distillation2024.12 | 98.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Guided Information InjectionDistillation Paradigm=Reverse Distillation2024.12 | 98.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 99.6 | — | — | — | — | |
| CS-Flow2022.10 | 98.7 | 99.8 | 99.1 | 97.1 | 99.6 | 99.1 | 98.6 | 97.6 | 91.9 | 99.3 | 99.7 | 98.2 | 100 | 99 | 99.9 | 100 | 100 | 99.8 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CSFlowTaxonomy=Flow-based, Venue=WACV'222023.08 | 98.7 | 99.8 | 99.1 | 97.1 | 99.6 | 99.1 | 98.6 | 97.6 | 91.9 | 99.3 | 99.7 | 98.2 | 100 | 99 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 99.8 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RD++Distillation Paradigm=Reverse Distillation2024.12 | 98.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 99.4 | — | — | — | — | |
| RD4ADTaxonomy=Reconstruction-based, Venue=CVPR 222023.08 | 98.5 | 100 | 95 | 96.3 | 99.9 | 100 | 96.6 | 97 | 99.5 | 96.7 | 98.5 | 98 | 98.9 | 100 | 100 | 99.3 | 99.2 | 99.5 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CFlow2022.10 | 98.3 | 100 | 97.6 | 97.7 | 100 | 99.3 | 96.8 | 91.9 | 99.7 | 95.2 | 98.5 | 97.2 | 98.7 | 99.6 | 100 | 99.9 | 99.1 | 99.5 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CFlow-ADTaxonomy=Flow-based, Venue=WACV'222023.08 | 98.3 | 99 | 97.6 | 99 | 98.9 | 98.6 | 99 | 98.9 | 98.9 | 93.3 | 99.1 | 98.2 | 99.3 | 99 | 99.7 | 98 | 96.7 | 98.5 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DeSTSegDistillation Paradigm=Forward Distillation2024.12 | 98.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RDDistillation Paradigm=Reverse Distillation2024.12 | 98.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 99.3 | — | — | — | — | |
| OCR-GANanomaly evaluation function=l1 and latent-feature2022.10 | 98.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DRAEMUses additional data=true2021.09 | 98 | 99.2 | 91.8 | 98.5 | 100 | 98.7 | 98.9 | 93.9 | 100 | 93.1 | 100 | 97.4 | 97 | 99.9 | 100 | 99.6 | 99.1 | 99.1 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DRÆM2022.10 | 98 | 99.2 | 91.8 | 98.5 | 100 | 98.7 | 98.9 | 93.9 | 100 | 93.1 | 100 | 97.4 | 97.8 | 99.9 | 100 | 99.6 | 99.1 | 99.3 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DRAEMTaxonomy=Reconstruction-based, Venue=CVPR'212023.08 | 98 | 99.2 | 91.8 | 98.5 | 100 | 98.7 | 98.9 | 93.9 | 100 | 93.1 | 100 | 97.4 | 97 | 99.9 | 100 | 99.6 | 99.1 | 99.1 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DRAEManomaly evaluation function=discriminative network2022.10 | 98 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PaDiM2022.10 | 97.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 97.2 | — | — | — | — | — | 99 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| EdgRecanomaly evaluation function=hand-crafted2022.10 | 97.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Rippel2022.10 | 97.5 | 99 | 99.1 | 96.3 | 100 | 97.4 | 91.4 | 94.5 | 94.1 | 98.2 | 98.8 | 96.9 | 99.6 | 93.7 | 100 | 100 | 99.2 | 98.5 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Ourstraining_setting=incremental training on the last subdataset2026.03 | 97.4 | 100 | 96 | 95.9 | 99.2 | 99.6 | 96.2 | 85.6 | 97.5 | 94.6 | 98.2 | — | 99.9 | 99.8 | 100 | 99.6 | 99.1 | — | — | 0.009 | — | — | — | |
| VTFusionk-shot=82026.01 | 97.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NSAvariation=logistic2021.09 | 97.2 | 97.7 | 94.5 | 95.2 | 94.7 | 98.7 | 99.2 | 90.2 | 100 | 95.1 | 99.8 | 96.5 | 95.6 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 100 | 97.5 | 98.6 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ET-STPMTeacher Backbone=ResNet-182025.12 | 97.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NAGLShots=42026.06 | 97.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 98 | 0.964 | — | — | — | |
| VTFusionk-shot=42026.01 | 97 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| VTFusionk-shot=22026.01 | 96.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NAGLShots=22026.06 | 96.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 97.9 | 0.963 | — | — | — | |
| VODShots=42026.06 | 96.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 98.7 | 0.969 | — | — | — | |
| AdaptCLIPShots=42026.06 | 96.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 98.3 | 0.96 | — | — | — | |
| DINOSaursetting=unsupervised2026.05 | 96.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 86.5 | 95.7 | 0 | |
| CutPasteTaxonomy=Reconstruction-based, Venue=CVPR'212023.08 | 96.1 | 98.2 | 81.2 | 98.2 | 98.3 | 99.9 | 94.9 | 88.7 | 99.4 | 96.1 | 99.9 | 95.5 | 93.9 | 100 | 100 | 94.6 | 99.1 | 97.5 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NSAvariation=binary2021.09 | 95.9 | 97.6 | 92.1 | 93.2 | 93.5 | 99.4 | 97 | 90.3 | 100 | 93.5 | 99.8 | 95.6 | 85.6 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99.7 | 96.7 | 96.4 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| InTraanomaly evaluation function=hand-crafted2022.10 | 95.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AdaptCLIPShots=22026.06 | 95.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 97.9 | 0.954 | — | — | — | |
| VODShots=22026.06 | 95.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 98.1 | 0.967 | — | — | — | |
| STPM2025.12 | 95.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| STFPM*reimplementation=true2022.10 | 95.4 | 100 | 92.3 | 88 | 100 | 100 | 93.8 | 88.2 | 87.8 | 93.7 | 93.6 | 93.7 | 98.9 | 100 | 100 | 95.5 | 99.2 | 98.7 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| InCTRLk-shot=82026.01 | 95.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CutPastevariation=3-way2021.09 | 95.2 | 98.3 | 80.6 | 96.2 | 97.3 | 99.3 | 92.4 | 86.3 | 98.3 | 95.5 | 99.4 | 94.3 | 93.1 | 99.9 | 100 | 93.4 | 98.6 | 97 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NSAvariation=continuous2021.09 | 95.2 | 97.5 | 90.2 | 92.8 | 89.3 | 94.6 | 94.3 | 90.1 | 99.6 | 92.8 | 99.5 | 94.1 | 90.9 | 98.5 | 100 | 100 | 97.8 | 97.5 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FastReconk-shot=82026.01 | 95.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| WinCLIP+k-shot=42026.01 | 95.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| WinCLIPShots=42026.06 | 95.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 97.3 | 0.947 | — | — | — | |
| DifferNet2022.10 | 94.7 | 99 | 95.9 | 86.9 | 99.3 | 96.1 | 88.8 | 96.3 | 98.6 | 91.1 | 95.1 | 94.7 | 92.9 | 84 | 97.1 | 99.4 | 99.8 | 94.6 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DifferNetTaxonomy=Flow-based, Venue=WACV'212023.08 | 94.7 | 99 | 95.9 | 86.9 | 99.3 | 96.1 | 88.8 | 96.3 | 98.6 | 91.1 | 95.1 | 94.7 | 92.9 | 84 | 97.1 | 99.4 | 99.8 | 94.6 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RWDAk-shot=42026.01 | 94.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| InCTRLk-shot=42026.01 | 94.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| WinCLIP+k-shot=22026.01 | 94.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| WinCLIPShots=22026.06 | 94.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 97 | 0.944 | — | — | — | |
| PatchCorek-shot=82026.01 | 94.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FastReconk-shot=42026.01 | 94.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RWDAk-shot=22026.01 | 94 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| InCTRLk-shot=22026.01 | 94 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Uninformed Student2022.10 | 93.2 | 99 | 78.7 | 92.5 | 99.1 | 89.1 | 92.2 | 86 | 100 | 79.4 | 94.4 | 91 | 99.9 | 98.1 | 94.7 | 94.7 | 99.1 | 97.3 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| UCADtraining_setting=incremental training on the last subdataset2026.03 | 93 | 100 | 75.1 | 86.6 | 99.4 | 98.8 | 89.4 | 73.9 | 100 | 87.4 | 93.8 | — | 96.5 | 94.4 | 100 | 99.8 | 99.5 | — | — | 0.01 | — | — | — | |
| PatchCoresetting=unsupervised, experience replay=true2026.05 | 92.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 80.8 | 80.4 | 0.023 | |
| RIADanomaly evaluation function=hand-crafted2022.10 | 91.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RegADk-shot=82026.01 | 91.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FastReconk-shot=22026.01 | 91 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ResADShots=42026.06 | 90.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 95.7 | 0.939 | — | — | — | |
| UniADrehearsal_cache_pool=true, training_setting=incremental training on the last subdataset2026.03 | 90.4 | 99.7 | 70.1 | 76.5 | 93.6 | 96.4 | 89.5 | 55.4 | 92.8 | 96.6 | 98.7 | — | 99.8 | 89.6 | 100 | 98.9 | 98.2 | — | — | 0.076 | — | — | — | |
| PatchCorek-shot=42026.01 | 89.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PII2021.09 | 88.9 | 97.6 | 68.9 | 84.9 | 82.7 | 98.9 | 86.3 | 74.7 | 93.1 | 90.1 | 99.8 | 87.7 | 65.6 | 100 | 100 | 98.4 | 91.9 | 91.2 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PatchCoreShots=42026.06 | 88.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 94.5 | 0.926 | — | — | — | |
| RegADk-shot=42026.01 | 88.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PatchCorek-shot=22026.01 | 87.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ResADShots=22026.06 | 87.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 93.9 | 0.922 | — | — | — | |
| DNEtraining_setting=incremental training on the last subdataset2026.03 | 87 | 99 | 61.9 | 60.9 | 92.4 | 98.9 | 67.1 | 58.8 | 93.3 | 87.7 | 95.8 | — | 98.4 | 99.8 | 100 | 98 | 93 | — | — | 0.116 | — | — | — | |
| PatchCoreShots=22026.06 | 86.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 93.8 | 0.92 | — | — | — | |
| RegADk-shot=22026.01 | 85.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPADE2025.12 | 85.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPADEShots=42026.06 | 84.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 92.5 | 0.915 | — | — | — | |
| CutPastevariation=end-to-end2021.09 | 84.5 | 100 | 75.4 | 89.2 | 81.4 | 70.6 | 90.3 | 65.5 | 96.7 | 88.2 | 98.7 | 85.6 | 53.1 | 99.7 | 86.6 | 87.8 | 84.6 | 82.4 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ARNet2022.10 | 83.9 | 94.1 | 83.2 | 68.1 | 85.5 | 66.7 | 78.6 | 100 | 100 | 84.3 | 87.6 | 84.8 | 70.6 | 88.3 | 86.2 | 73.5 | 92.3 | 82.2 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ITAE2025.12 | 83.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPADEShots=22026.06 | 82.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 91.7 | 0.911 | — | — | — | |
| FPI2021.09 | 81.9 | 90.2 | 68 | 87.5 | 86 | 88.4 | 71.8 | 61.2 | 85.8 | 79.6 | 97.7 | 81.6 | 56 | 99.5 | 91.7 | 90.2 | 74.4 | 82.4 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| UCADsetting=unsupervised2026.05 | 79.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 63.5 | 55.2 | 0 | |
| RD4ADk-shot=82026.01 | 78.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| UniADtraining_setting=incremental training on the last subdataset2026.03 | 77.4 | 80.1 | 66 | 82.3 | 90.4 | 79.1 | 86.9 | 73.1 | 77.6 | 49 | 99.7 | — | 75.4 | 71.3 | 71.5 | 68.7 | 90.3 | — | — | 0.229 | — | — | — | |
| RD4ADk-shot=42026.01 | 76.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GAN2022.10 | 76.2 | 89.2 | 75.7 | 73.2 | 78.5 | 70 | 74.3 | 74.6 | 65.3 | 79.2 | 74.5 | 75.5 | 69.9 | 70.8 | 84.2 | 79.4 | 83.4 | 77.5 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GANomaly2025.12 | 76.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RD4ADk-shot=22026.01 | 75.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| l2-AE2025.12 | 75.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SimpleNettraining_setting=incremental training on the last subdataset2026.03 | 70.8 | 93.8 | 56 | 51.9 | 85.9 | 71 | 70.1 | 59.9 | 42.2 | 66.9 | 99.6 | — | 73.6 | 59.2 | 74.9 | 65.4 | 90.8 | — | — | 0.211 | — | — | — | |
| CFAtraining_setting=incremental training on the last subdataset2026.03 | 62.3 | 30.9 | 48.9 | 27.5 | 90.3 | 46.4 | 52.8 | 52.8 | 51.9 | 32 | 98.4 | — | 83.4 | 57.1 | 93.5 | 76.3 | 92.3 | — | — | 0.361 | — | — | — | |
| PatchCoretraining_setting=incremental training on the last subdataset2026.03 | 60.2 | 16.3 | 51.8 | 35 | 83.9 | 25.9 | 45.9 | 48.4 | 58.6 | 34.1 | 99.1 | — | 96.8 | 70 | 62.5 | 77.6 | 97 | — | — | 0.383 | — | — | — | |
| RD4ADtraining_setting=incremental training on the last subdataset2026.03 | 59.6 | 40.1 | 53.8 | 47.5 | 90.9 | 62.3 | 47.9 | 59.6 | 39.7 | 38.5 | 98.7 | — | 58.3 | 55.8 | 59.6 | 71.5 | 70 | — | — | 0.393 | — | — | — | |
| DRAEMtraining_setting=incremental training on the last subdataset2026.03 | 59.5 | 79.3 | 41.1 | 51.7 | 52.4 | 42.2 | 45.2 | 100 | 62.5 | 30.7 | 99.6 | — | 53.7 | 79.9 | 48 | 54.8 | 51.7 | — | — | 0.371 | — | — | — | |
| STPMtraining_setting=incremental training on the last subdataset2026.03 | 57.6 | 32.9 | 53.9 | 61 | 54 | 45.6 | 52.3 | 75.3 | 37.5 | 45 | 78.3 | — | 46.2 | 56.9 | 74 | 73.6 | 77.9 | — | — | 0.325 | — | — | — | |
| SPADEtraining_setting=incremental training on the last subdataset2026.03 | 57.1 | 30.2 | 44.4 | 52.5 | 41 | 59.2 | 48.4 | 51.4 | 38.6 | 62.2 | 94.9 | — | 52.9 | 46 | 57.7 | 88.1 | 89.7 | — | — | 0.285 | — | — | — | |
| FAVAEtraining_setting=incremental training on the last subdataset2026.03 | 54.7 | 66.6 | 39.6 | 35.7 | 88.4 | 41.6 | 53.1 | 62.4 | 50.3 | 33.1 | 54.4 | — | 61 | 64.4 | 40.6 | 56.3 | 72.8 | — | — | 0.102 | — | — | — | |
| PaDiMtraining_setting=incremental training on the last subdataset2026.03 | 54.5 | 45.8 | 54.4 | 41.8 | 63.5 | 44.6 | 44.9 | 57.8 | 67.8 | 40.7 | 85.5 | — | 45.4 | 70.4 | 41.8 | 58.1 | 54.9 | — | — | 0.368 | — | — | — | |
| CSFlowtraining_setting=incremental training on the last subdataset2026.03 | 53.9 | 12.9 | 42 | 36.3 | 26.9 | 22 | 26.3 | 43.4 | 56.9 | 43.2 | 99.7 | — | 97.8 | 60.2 | 90.6 | 69.7 | 80.2 | — | — | 0.426 | — | — | — |