Image Classification on Office-31
100Average AccuracyPAS
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PASBackbone=ResNet-50, Source Domain=W, Target Domain=D2026.04 | 100 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 45.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PASBackbone=DeiT-Small, Source Domain=W, Target Domain=D2026.04 | 99.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 47.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PLSCSetting=PDA2026.05 | 98.7 | 99.3 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 96 | 96.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PASBackbone=DeiT-Small, Source Domain=D, Target Domain=W2026.04 | 98.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 44.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SLMSetting=PDA2026.05 | 98.4 | 99.8 | 100 | 99.8 | 98.7 | 96.1 | 95.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ReOTSetting=PDA2026.05 | 98.4 | 99.3 | 99.9 | 100 | 98.5 | 96.1 | 96.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PASBackbone=ResNet-50, Source Domain=D, Target Domain=W2026.04 | 98.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 42.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| IDSPSetting=PDA2026.05 | 98.3 | 99.7 | 99.7 | 100 | 99.4 | 95.1 | 95.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RANSetting=PDA2026.05 | 98.2 | 99 | 100 | 100 | 97.7 | 96.3 | 96.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SAN++Setting=PDA2026.05 | 97.9 | 99.7 | 100 | 100 | 98.1 | 94.1 | 95.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BA3USSetting=PDA2026.05 | 97.8 | 99 | 100 | 98.7 | 99.4 | 94.8 | 95 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MULSetting=PDA2026.05 | 97.5 | 94.2 | 100 | 100 | 98.5 | 95.6 | 96.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DMPSetting=PDA2026.05 | 97.2 | 96.6 | 100 | 100 | 96.4 | 95.1 | 95.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ARSetting=PDA2026.05 | 96.9 | 93.5 | 100 | 99.7 | 96.8 | 95.5 | 96 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ETNSetting=PDA2026.05 | 96.7 | 94.5 | 100 | 100 | 95 | 96.2 | 94.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FedSCAlInitial Server Model=Amazon2025.12 | 96.46 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 96.65 | 96.27 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FedLoAInitial Server Model=Amazon2025.12 | 96.15 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 96.65 | 95.64 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DRCNSetting=PDA2026.05 | 95.9 | 90.8 | 100 | 100 | 94.3 | 95.2 | 94.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FedMOONInitial Server Model=Amazon2025.12 | 95.39 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 95.72 | 95.05 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Model Recyclingm=2, distance_correlation_loss=true, scenario=white-box2025.08 | 95.14 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 97.5 | 94.12 | 95.05 | |
| FedProxInitial Server Model=Amazon2025.12 | 94.86 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 95.14 | 94.58 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PASBackbone=DeiT-Small, Source Domain=A, Target Domain=D2026.04 | 94.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 30.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| IWANSetting=PDA2026.05 | 94.7 | 89.2 | 99.3 | 99.4 | 90.5 | 95.6 | 94.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SDFedBackbone=ViT-B162026.02 | 94.68 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PASBackbone=DeiT-Small, Source Domain=A, Target Domain=W2026.04 | 94.65 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 27.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Target-supervisedBackbone=ResNet-502020.12 | 94.3 | 98.7 | 98.7 | 98 | 98 | 86 | 86 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SupervisedBackbone=ResNet-502026.03 | 94.3 | 98.7 | 98.7 | 98 | 98 | 86 | 86 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LoAInitial Server Model=Amazon2025.12 | 93.59 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 92.97 | 94.21 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Model Recyclingm=2, distance_correlation_loss=false, scenario=white-box2025.08 | 93.43 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 95 | 94.12 | 91.17 | |
| FedWCAInitial Server Model=Amazon2025.12 | 93.28 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 95.65 | 90.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SAFNSetting=PDA2026.05 | 93.1 | 87.5 | 96.6 | 99.4 | 89.8 | 92.6 | 92.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SSASF=true, Backbone=ResNet-502026.03 | 92.8 | 96.9 | 98.2 | 99.8 | 97 | 82.6 | 82.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PADASetting=PDA2026.05 | 92.7 | 86.5 | 99.3 | 100 | 82.2 | 92.7 | 95.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CDTrans-DeitBackbone=ViT2023.12 | 92.6 | 96.7 | 99 | 100 | 97 | 81.1 | 81.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ProDeSF=true, Backbone=ResNet-502026.03 | 92.6 | 96.4 | 97 | 99.8 | 96.8 | 83.1 | 82.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DIFOSF=true, Backbone=ResNet-502026.03 | 92.5 | 95.5 | 97.2 | 98.8 | 97.2 | 83 | 83.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Model Recyclingm=1, distance_correlation_loss=false, scenario=white-box2025.08 | 92.42 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 97.5 | 88.24 | 91.52 | |
| Model Recyclingm=1, distance_correlation_loss=true, scenario=white-box2025.08 | 92.36 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 95 | 90.2 | 91.87 | |
| UOPPBackbone=ViT-B162026.02 | 92.12 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PASBackbone=ResNet-50, Source Domain=A, Target Domain=W2026.04 | 91.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 23.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| HAFNSetting=PDA2026.05 | 91.7 | 87.5 | 96.7 | 99.2 | 87.3 | 89.2 | 90.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PDABackbone=ViT2023.12 | 91.2 | 92.1 | 98.1 | 99.8 | 91.2 | 83.5 | 82.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GPT-FLBackbone=ViT-B162026.02 | 91.11 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RSDA-MSTNsource-free=false, Backbone=ResNet-502021.10 | 91.1 | 96.1 | 99.3 | 100 | 95.8 | 77.4 | 78.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SRDCsource-free=false, Backbone=ResNet-502021.10 | 90.8 | 95.7 | 99.2 | 100 | 95.8 | 76.7 | 77.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RWOTsource-free=false, Backbone=ResNet-502021.10 | 90.8 | 95.1 | 99.5 | 100 | 94.5 | 77.5 | 77.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SRDCSource-Free=false2026.01 | 90.8 | 95.7 | 99.2 | 100 | 95.8 | 76.7 | 77.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 77.1 | 100 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SRDC2026.01 | 90.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ProCal++Backbone=ResNet-502026.03 | 90.8 | 94.1 | 99.1 | 100 | 96.2 | 77.3 | 78.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| OURSSource-Free=true2026.01 | 90.72 | 95.2 | 99.2 | 99 | 97.99 | 76.9 | 76 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 76 | 99.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| OURSBackbone=ConvNeXt-B, Learning rate=1×10-4, Batch size=4, Weight decay=1×10-4, Consistency loss weight (λ)=0.52026.01 | 90.72 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ProCalBackbone=ResNet-502026.03 | 90.7 | 93.7 | 99.1 | 99.8 | 96.2 | 77.3 | 78 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GMM-DaDiLBackbone=ResNet-50, Access to source labels (X x Y)=None2025.10 | 90.63 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3C-GAN + HCLsource-data free=true2021.10 | 90.6 | 93.4 | 99.3 | 100 | 94.6 | 77.1 | 79 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CANSource-Free=false2026.01 | 90.6 | 94.5 | 99.1 | 99.8 | 95 | 78 | 77 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 77 | 99.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| UCon-SFDABackbone=ResNet-502026.03 | 90.6 | 95.4 | 98.9 | 100 | 94.8 | 77.1 | 77.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| C-SFDABackbone=ResNet-502026.03 | 90.5 | 93.9 | 98.8 | 99.7 | 96.2 | 77.3 | 77.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DPCBackbone=ResNet-502026.03 | 90.5 | 94.5 | 98.9 | 100 | 95.8 | 76.5 | 76.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PFCBackbone=ResNet-502026.03 | 90.5 | 94 | 99.2 | 100 | 97.3 | 75.6 | 76.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PASBackbone=ResNet-50, Source Domain=A, Target Domain=D2026.04 | 90.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 28.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CDANBackbone=ResNet-50, Extension=ParetoDA2021.12 | 90.4 | 95 | 98.9 | 100 | 95.4 | 77.6 | 75.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CoWA-JMDSBackbone=ResNet-502026.03 | 90.3 | 95.2 | 98.5 | 99.8 | 94.4 | 76.2 | 77.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| iSFDABackbone=ResNet-502026.03 | 90.3 | 94.2 | 98.3 | 99.9 | 95.3 | 76.4 | 77.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Co-learnBackbone=ResNet-502026.03 | 90.3 | 92.5 | 98.9 | 99.8 | 96.6 | 77.3 | 76.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MFSANEvaluation Protocol=MS2021.03 | 90.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 99.5 | 98.5 | 72.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DANNBackbone=ResNet-50, Extension=ParetoDA2021.12 | 90.2 | 95.5 | 98.7 | 100 | 93.8 | 76.7 | 76.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TPDSBackbone=ResNet-502026.03 | 90.2 | 94.5 | 98.7 | 99.8 | 97.1 | 75.7 | 75.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MDDBackbone=ResNet-50, Extension=ParetoDA2021.12 | 90.1 | 95.4 | 98.9 | 100 | 94.4 | 76.2 | 75.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SHOT + HCLsource-data free=true2021.10 | 90.1 | 92.8 | 99 | 100 | 94.4 | 76.1 | 78.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| A²NetSource-Free=true2026.01 | 90.1 | 94 | 99.2 | 100 | 94.5 | 76.7 | 76.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 76.1 | 100 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SFDA-DESource-Free=true2026.01 | 90.1 | 94.2 | 98.5 | 99.8 | 96 | 76.6 | 75.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 75.5 | 99.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SDFedBackbone=ResNet502026.02 | 90.04 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DaDiL-RBackbone=ResNet-50, Access to source labels (X x Y)=None2025.10 | 89.91 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AaDBackbone=ResNet-502026.03 | 89.9 | 92.1 | 99.1 | 100 | 96.4 | 75 | 76.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| HCLsource-data free=true2021.10 | 89.8 | 92.5 | 98.2 | 100 | 94.7 | 75.9 | 77.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| HCLBackbone=ResNet-50, SFDA protocol=true2026.01 | 89.8 | 92.5 | 98.2 | 100 | 94.7 | 75.9 | 77.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DaDiL-EBackbone=ResNet-50, Access to source labels (X x Y)=None2025.10 | 89.79 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GSDASource-Free=false2026.01 | 89.7 | 95.7 | 99.1 | 99.8 | 94.8 | 73.7 | 74.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 73.7 | 99.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPLBackbone=ResNet-502019.11 | 89.6 | 92.7 | 98.7 | 99.8 | 93 | 76.4 | 76.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3C-GANsource-free=true, Backbone=ResNet-502021.10 | 89.6 | 93.7 | 98.5 | 99.8 | 92.7 | 75.3 | 77.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3C-GANsource-data free=true2021.10 | 89.6 | 93.7 | 98.5 | 99.8 | 92.7 | 75.3 | 77.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3C-GANBackbone=ResNet-50, SFDA protocol=true2026.01 | 89.6 | 93.7 | 98.5 | 99.8 | 92.7 | 75.3 | 77.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| AaDBackbone=ResNet-50, SFDA protocol=true2026.01 | 89.6 | 92.1 | 99 | 99.8 | 95 | 75.7 | 76.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3C-GANSource-Free=true2026.01 | 89.6 | 93.2 | 98.5 | 99.8 | 92.7 | 75.3 | 77.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 75.3 | 99.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NRC+ELRBackbone=ResNet-502026.03 | 89.6 | 93.3 | 98 | 100 | 93.8 | 76.2 | 76.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| WGFBackbone=ResNet-50, Access to source labels (X x Y)=Yes2025.10 | 89.52 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GSPBackbone=ResNet-502021.12 | 89.5 | 92.9 | 98.7 | 99.8 | 94.5 | 75.9 | 74.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Deit-basedBackbone=ViT2023.12 | 89.5 | 89.2 | 98.9 | 100 | 88.7 | 80.1 | 79.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Neighbourhood Signature Contrastive AdaptationBackbone=ResNet-50, SFDA protocol=true2026.01 | 89.5 | 93 | 98.9 | 99.8 | 96.4 | 75.4 | 73.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MCCSource-Free=false2026.01 | 89.5 | 95.4 | 98.6 | 99.9 | 96.5 | 72.6 | 73.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 72.6 | 99.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MCCsource-free=false, Backbone=ResNet-502021.10 | 89.4 | 95.4 | 98.6 | 100 | 95.6 | 72.6 | 73.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NRCsource-free=true, Backbone=ResNet-502021.10 | 89.4 | 90.8 | 99 | 100 | 96 | 75.3 | 75 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DANNBackbone=ResNet-50, Extension=MCC2021.12 | 89.4 | 95.6 | 98.6 | 99.3 | 93.8 | 74 | 75 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NRCBackbone=ResNet-50, SFDA protocol=true2026.01 | 89.4 | 90.8 | 99 | 100 | 96 | 75.3 | 75 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NRCBackbone=ResNet-502026.03 | 89.4 | 90.8 | 99 | 100 | 96 | 75.3 | 75 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CDAN+TransNormBackbone=ResNet-502020.12 | 89.3 | 95.7 | 98.7 | 100 | 94 | 73.4 | 74.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GVB-GDBackbone=ResNet-502020.12 | 89.3 | 94.8 | 98.7 | 100 | 95 | 73.4 | 73.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GVB-GDSource-Free=false2026.01 | 89.3 | 94.8 | 98.7 | 100 | 95 | 73.4 | 73.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 73.4 | 100 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CDANBackbone=ResNet-50, Extension=MCC2021.12 | 89.2 | 94.7 | 98.6 | 100 | 95 | 73 | 73.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SHOT++Backbone=ResNet-50, Protocol=++ Strategy (no learned source model initialization)2020.12 | 89.2 | 90.4 | 98.7 | 99.9 | 94.3 | 76.2 | 75.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |