Image Classification on iNaturalist 2018 (test)
84.5Top-1 AccuracydBOT-Ref.
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dBOT-Ref.Backbone=ViT-H/14, Evaluation Protocol=Full fine-tuning2024.02 | 84.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| dBOTBackbone=ViT-H/14, Evaluation Protocol=Full fine-tuning2024.02 | 84.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| dBOT-Ref.Backbone=ViT-L/16, Evaluation Protocol=Full fine-tuning2024.02 | 82.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| dBOTBackbone=ViT-L/16, Evaluation Protocol=Full fine-tuning2024.02 | 81.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| D2V2-Ref.Backbone=ViT-L/16, Evaluation Protocol=Full fine-tuning2024.02 | 81.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| D2V2Backbone=ViT-L/16, Evaluation Protocol=Full fine-tuning2024.02 | 81 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| D2V2-Ref.Backbone=ViT-H/14, Evaluation Protocol=Full fine-tuning2024.02 | 79.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| D2V2Backbone=ViT-H/14, Evaluation Protocol=Full fine-tuning2024.02 | 79.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| iBOTBackbone=ViT-L/16, Evaluation Protocol=Full fine-tuning2024.02 | 76.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MugsBackbone=ViT-L/16, Evaluation Protocol=Full fine-tuning2024.02 | 76.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Img + TTEretrieval_augmentation=TTE2026.06 | 76.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 93.2 | 90 | 95.7 | |
| I-JEPABackbone=ViT-H/14, Evaluation Protocol=Full fine-tuning2024.02 | 75.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GPaCoBackbone=ResNet-50, Knowledge distillation=false, Augmentation=RandAugment, Training Epochs=4002022.09 | 75.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Img + RANGEretrieval_augmentation=RANGE2026.06 | 75.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 92.9 | 89.6 | 95.5 | |
| Img + SatCLIPretrieval_augmentation=SatCLIP2026.06 | 75.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 91.9 | 88.7 | 94.5 | |
| Img + TaxaBindretrieval_augmentation=TaxaBind2026.06 | 75.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 93 | 89.7 | 95.6 | |
| Img + RANGE+retrieval_augmentation=RANGE+2026.06 | 75.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 92.8 | 89.5 | 95.5 | |
| OursBackbone=ResNet-50, Utilize Large Language Models=false2026.03 | 74.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Img + CSP INat*retrieval_augmentation=CSP INat*2026.06 | 74.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 92.2 | 88.8 | 94.9 | |
| LLM-AutoDABackbone=ResNet-50, Utilize Large Language Models=true2026.03 | 74.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Meta-CALABackbone=ResNet-502026.05 | 74.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Meta-CALABackbone=ResNet-50, Utilize Large Language Models=false2026.03 | 74 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ViT-B/16Pretraining + MaskSub=true, Finetuning + MaskSub=true2023.06 | 73.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RIDE + CMO + CRBackbone=ResNet-502023.03 | 73.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 71.6 | 73.7 | 74.9 | — | — | — | |
| ViT-B/16Pretraining + MaskSub=true, Finetuning + MaskSub=false2023.06 | 73.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DAMEL (3 experts)Backbone=ResNet-502026.05 | 73.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RIDE (4*) + CRBackbone=ResNet-502023.03 | 73.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 71 | 73.8 | 74.3 | — | — | — | |
| ProCoBackbone=ResNet-502026.05 | 73.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PaCoBackbone=ResNet-50, Knowledge distillation=false, Augmentation=RandAugment, Training Epochs=4002022.09 | 73.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ViT-B/16Pretraining + MaskSub=false, Finetuning + MaskSub=false2023.06 | 73.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PaCoBackbone=ResNet-50, Augmentation=RandAugment [12], Training Epochs=4002021.07 | 73.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Heuristic-CALABackbone=ResNet-50, Utilize Large Language Models=false2026.03 | 73.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MCEBackbone=ResNet-502026.05 | 73.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ABSGD (CB-CE)Stage-2 TV=FC, Backbone=ResNet1522020.12 | 73.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ACE (3 experts)Backbone=ResNet-502021.08 | 72.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FeatReconBackbone=ResNet-50, Utilize Large Language Models=false2026.03 | 72.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ACEBackbone=ResNet-502026.05 | 72.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Img + CSPretrieval_augmentation=CSP2026.06 | 72.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 91.6 | 87.9 | 94.8 | |
| Img + GeoCLIPretrieval_augmentation=GeoCLIP2026.06 | 72.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 91.9 | 88.2 | 95.2 | |
| RIDE + CMOBackbone=ResNet-502023.03 | 72.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 70.7 | 72.6 | 73.4 | — | — | — | |
| RIDE (3 experts)Backbone=ResNet-50, Utilize Large Language Models=false2026.03 | 72.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LCRegBackbone=ResNet-502022.06 | 72.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RIDE (4*)Backbone=ResNet-502023.03 | 72.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 70.9 | 72.4 | 73.1 | — | — | — | |
| tau-Normalized (CE)Stage-2 TV=FC, Backbone=ResNet1522020.12 | 72.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ICCLEpochs=200, Backbone=ResNet-502021.10 | 72.5 | — | — | — | — | — | 72.3 | 72.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PaCoBackbone=ResNet-502023.03 | 72.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 69.5 | 72.3 | 73.1 | — | — | — | |
| RIDE (3 experts)Backbone=ResNet-50, Number of experts=32021.08 | 72.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CUDABackbone=ResNet-50, Utilize Large Language Models=false2026.03 | 72.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RIDEBackbone=ResNet-502026.05 | 72.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LWS (CB-CE)Stage-2 TV=FC, Backbone=ResNet1522020.12 | 72.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BCL + ConCutMixBackbone=ResNet-50, Training Epochs=1002024.07 | 72.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GCLBackbone Net=ResNet-502023.05 | 72.01 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GCLBackbone=ResNet-502023.03 | 72 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GBGBackbone=ResNet-50, Utilize Large Language Models=false2026.03 | 71.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Balanced SoftmaxBackbone=ResNet-50, Knowledge distillation=false, Augmentation=RandAugment, Training Epochs=4002022.09 | 71.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Balanced SoftmaxBackbone=ResNet-50, Augmentation=RandAugment [12], Training Epochs=4002021.07 | 71.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BCLBackbone=ResNet-50, Utilize Large Language Models=false2026.03 | 71.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DiVETraining Epochs=2002021.03 | 71.71 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 88.39 | — | — | |
| MISLASBackbone=ResNet-502022.06 | 71.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MISLASBackbone=ResNet-50, Knowledge distillation=false2022.09 | 71.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MISLASBackbone=ResNet-502023.03 | 71.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 73.2 | 72.4 | 70.4 | — | — | — | |
| MISLASBackbone=ResNet-502021.07 | 71.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MisLASBackbone Net=ResNet-502023.05 | 71.57 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Decouple-τ-normBackbone=ResNet-50, Knowledge distillation=false, Augmentation=RandAugment, Training Epochs=4002022.09 | 71.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Decouple-τ-normBackbone=ResNet-50, Augmentation=RandAugment [12], Training Epochs=4002021.07 | 71.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RIDE (2 experts)Backbone=ResNet-50, Number of experts=22021.08 | 71.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RIDE (2 experts)Backbone=ResNet-50, Training Epochs=1002024.07 | 71.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SELBackbone=ResNet-50, Utilize Large Language Models=false2026.03 | 71.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| cRT (CB-CE)Stage-2 TV=FC, Backbone=ResNet1522020.12 | 71.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ViT-S/16Pretraining + MaskSub=true, Finetuning + MaskSub=true2023.06 | 71.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BCLBackbone=ResNet-50, Training Epochs=1002024.07 | 71.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CAMBackbone=ResNet-502021.08 | 70.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MBJ + CRBackbone=ResNet-502023.03 | 70.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 73.1 | 70.3 | 66 | — | — | — | |
| ViT-S/16Pretraining + MaskSub=true, Finetuning + MaskSub=false2023.06 | 70.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ADRWBackbone=ResNet-50, Utilize Large Language Models=false2026.03 | 70.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SMCBackbone=ResNet-50, Training Epochs=1002024.07 | 70.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LADE + CRBackbone=ResNet-502023.03 | 70.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 72.5 | 70.4 | 65.7 | — | — | — | |
| Remix+DRWBackbone=ResNet-502022.06 | 70.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ICCLEpochs=90, Backbone=ResNet-502021.10 | 70.5 | — | — | — | — | — | 70.2 | 71.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ResLTBackbone=ResNet-502026.05 | 70.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ResLTBackbone Model=ResNet-50, One-stage=true2021.01 | 70.2 | — | — | — | — | 68.5 | 69.9 | 70.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ResLTBackbone=ResNet-50, Knowledge distillation=false2022.09 | 70.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ResLTBackbone=ResNet-50, Training Epochs=1002024.07 | 70.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DisAlignBackbone=ResNet-502023.03 | 70.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 68 | 71.3 | 69.4 | — | — | — | |
| ResLTBackbone=ResNet-502021.07 | 70.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CE loss + mixup + cRTBackbone Net=ResNet-502023.05 | 70.16 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ViT-S/16Pretraining + MaskSub=false, Finetuning + MaskSub=false2023.06 | 70.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SAMBackbone=ResNet-50, Utilize Large Language Models=false2026.03 | 70.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DisAlignBackbone Net=ResNet-502023.05 | 70.06 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LADE2020.12 | 70 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MBJBackbone=ResNet-502023.03 | 70 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FBLBackbone Net=ResNet-502023.05 | 69.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ABSGD (CB-CE)Stage-2 TV=FC, Backbone=ResNet502020.12 | 69.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Balanced Softmax2020.12 | 69.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DRO-LTvariant=Learned epsilon2021.04 | 69.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BBNEpochs=200, Backbone=ResNet-502021.10 | 69.7 | — | — | — | — | — | 73.6 | 66.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TSCBackbone=ResNet-50, Training Epochs=1002024.07 | 69.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LADEBackbone=ResNet-502023.03 | 69.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TSCBackbone=ResNet-502026.05 | 69.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BBNTraining Epochs=1802021.03 | 69.65 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 87.64 | — | — |