Image Classification on ImageNet-R (test)
80.7AccuracyBCA
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BCAAccess=Gray-box, Backbone=CLIP (ViT-B/16)2026.04 | 80.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DPEAccess=White-box, Backbone=CLIP (ViT-B/16)2026.04 | 80.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TDAAccess=Gray-box, Backbone=CLIP (ViT-B/16)2026.04 | 80.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RA-TTAAccess=Gray-box, Backbone=CLIP (ViT-B/16)2026.04 | 79.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| WiSE-FTBackbone=OpenAI ViT-B/162026.05 | 78.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| B2TPTAccess=Gray-box, Backbone=CLIP (ViT-B/16)2026.04 | 78.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SAE-FTBackbone=OpenAI ViT-B/162026.05 | 78.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DynaPromptAccess=White-box, Backbone=CLIP (ViT-B/16)2026.04 | 78.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TACO2026.06 | 78.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Cross-Modal WiSE-FTBackbone=ViT-B/16, Interpolation coefficient (alpha)=0.52023.01 | 77.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PromptSRCmode=Domain Generalization2025.12 | 77.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PromptSRC2026.06 | 77.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RMAdaptermode=Domain Generalization2025.12 | 77.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Zero-shotBackbone=OpenAI ViT-B/162026.05 | 77.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| StarFTBackbone=OpenAI ViT-B/162026.05 | 77.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| WiSE-FTBackbone=ViT-B/16, Interpolation coefficient (alpha)=0.52023.01 | 77.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CoPromptmode=Domain Generalization2025.12 | 77.51 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GPUAEvaluation Protocol=Zero-shot2026.06 | 77.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TOGA2026.03 | 77.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MMAmode=Domain Generalization2025.12 | 77.32 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MMA2026.06 | 77.32 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ZERO¶Access=Black-box, Backbone=CLIP (ViT-B/16)2026.04 | 77.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MMRL2026.06 | 77.13 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TPTAccess=White-box, Backbone=CLIP (ViT-B/16)2026.04 | 77.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TCAAccess=Gray-box, Backbone=CLIP (ViT-B/16)2026.04 | 77.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MaPLe2026.03 | 77 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MaPLemode=Domain Generalization2025.12 | 76.98 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MaPLe2026.06 | 76.98 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| KgCoOpmode=Domain Generalization2025.12 | 76.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| KgCoOp2026.03 | 76.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Cross-Modal Linear ProbingBackbone=ViT-B/162023.01 | 76.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CoCoOpBackbone=ViT-B/162023.01 | 76.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CoCoOp2026.03 | 76.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CaRotBackbone=OpenAI ViT-B/162026.05 | 76.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Co-CoOpmode=Domain Generalization2025.12 | 76.18 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CoCoOp2026.06 | 76.18 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SARAccess=White-box, Backbone=CLIP (ViT-B/16)2026.04 | 76.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BETAAccess=Black-box, Backbone=CLIP (ViT-B/16)2026.04 | 76 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PromptSRC*2025.11 | 75.77 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MMRL + ReBaPL2025.11 | 75.63 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CoTTAAccess=White-box, Backbone=CLIP (ViT-B/16)2026.04 | 75.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| T3AAccess=White-box, Backbone=CLIP (ViT-B/16)2026.04 | 75.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CAR-FTBackbone=OpenAI ViT-B/162026.05 | 75.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MaPLe + ReBaPL2025.11 | 75.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MaPLe*2025.11 | 75.33 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TENTAccess=White-box, Backbone=CLIP (ViT-B/16)2026.04 | 75.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CoOpmode=Domain Generalization2025.12 | 75.21 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CoOp2026.03 | 75.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CoOpBackbone=ViT-B/16, Prompt length (M)=162023.01 | 75.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MMRL*2025.11 | 75.03 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TransCLIP2026.03 | 75 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ProGrad2026.03 | 74.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CoOpBackbone=ViT-B/16, Prompt length (M)=42023.01 | 74.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Zero-Shot CLIPBackbone=ViT-B/162023.01 | 74 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CLIP2026.03 | 74 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SourceAccess=Source, Backbone=CLIP (ViT-B/16)2026.04 | 74 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CLIPEvaluation Protocol=Zero-shot2026.06 | 74 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CLIPmode=Domain Generalization2025.12 | 73.96 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FOA*Access=Gray-box, Backbone=CLIP (ViT-B/16)2026.04 | 73.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LAMEAccess=Black-box, Backbone=CLIP (ViT-B/16)2026.04 | 72.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ZOO-SPSA-GC†Access=Black-box, Backbone=CLIP (ViT-B/16)2026.04 | 72.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ZOO-CMAAccess=Black-box, Backbone=CLIP (ViT-B/16)2026.04 | 72.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| WISE-FT2026.06 | 72.48 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| OTTERBackbone=ViT-B/16, Setting=Zero-shot2024.04 | 72.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ZOO-RGFAccess=Black-box, Backbone=CLIP (ViT-B/16)2026.04 | 72.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FLYPBackbone=OpenAI ViT-B/162026.05 | 71.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FTBackbone=OpenAI ViT-B/162026.05 | 71.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Zero-shotBackbone=ViT-B/16, Setting=Zero-shot2024.04 | 68.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TENTAccess=White-box, Backbone=ViT-B/162026.04 | 63.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PEFT Ensembleε=8, Label strategy=Public Labels (Ours)2024.11 | 63.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CoTTAAccess=White-box, Backbone=ViT-B/162026.04 | 63.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SARAccess=White-box, Backbone=ViT-B/162026.04 | 63.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BETAAccess=Black-box, Backbone=ViT-B/162026.04 | 63.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PEFT Ensembleε=8, Label strategy=Base Dataset (Baseline)2024.11 | 62.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GLAShots=16, Backbone=ResNet-502023.10 | 62.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PEFT Ensembleε=8, Label strategy=Release Labels (Ours)2024.11 | 61.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PEFT Ensembleε=8, Label strategy=Label Oracle (Baseline)2024.11 | 61.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CLIPShots=0, Backbone=ResNet-50, Mode=Zero-shot2023.10 | 60.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Cross-Modal WiSE-FTBackbone=ResNet50, Interpolation coefficient (alpha)=0.52023.01 | 59.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SourceAccess=Source, Backbone=ViT-B/162026.04 | 59.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ZOO-SPSA-GC†Access=Black-box, Backbone=ViT-B/162026.04 | 59.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FOA*Access=Gray-box, Backbone=ViT-B/162026.04 | 59.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LAMEAccess=Black-box, Backbone=ViT-B/162026.04 | 59 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ZOO-CMAAccess=Black-box, Backbone=ViT-B/162026.04 | 58.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Linear ProbingBackbone=ViT-B/162023.01 | 58.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ZOO-RGFAccess=Black-box, Backbone=ViT-B/162026.04 | 58.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| T3AAccess=White-box, Backbone=ViT-B/162026.04 | 58 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| WiSE-FTBackbone=ResNet50, Interpolation coefficient (alpha)=0.52023.01 | 57.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FasterViT-6Size (Px)=224, #Param (M)=1360.0, FLOPs (G)=142.0, Throughput (Img/Sec)=3522023.06 | 57.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FasterViT-5Size (Px)=224, #Param (M)=975.5, FLOPs (G)=113.0, Throughput (Img/Sec)=4492023.06 | 56.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CoOpBackbone=ResNet50, Prompt length (M)=162023.01 | 56.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Cross-Modal Linear ProbingBackbone=ResNet502023.01 | 56.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FasterViT-4Size (Px)=224, #Param (M)=424.6, FLOPs (G)=36.6, Throughput (Img/Sec)=8492023.06 | 56 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Zero-Shot CLIPBackbone=ResNet502023.01 | 56 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Cosine Similarity Classifierε=8, Label strategy=Label Oracle (Baseline)2024.11 | 56 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Cosine Similarity Classifierε=8, Label strategy=Release Labels (Ours)2024.11 | 55.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PLOTShots=16, Backbone=ResNet-502023.10 | 55.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ProGradShots=16, Backbone=ResNet-502023.10 | 55.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CoOpBackbone=ResNet50, Prompt length (M)=42023.01 | 55 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CoOpShots=16, Backbone=ResNet-502023.10 | 54.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |