ResearchBenchmarksGas Cost Analysis on Ethereum mainnet Hardhat simulating blob transactions EIP-4844Gas Cost Analysis on Ethereum mainnet Hardhat simulating blob transactions EIP-4844Follow0.05Data Publication Cost (Blob)ZKML0.04750.048750.050.05125Dec 23, 2025Evaluation resultsMethodMethodLinksData Publication Cost (Blob)Proof Verification CostDispute Resolution Avg CostTotal Query CostZKMLETH price conversion=$...ETH price conversion=$3,000/ETH2025.120.0545—45.05OPMLETH price conversion=$...ETH price conversion=$3,000/ETH2025.120.05—2.50.06OTRETH price conversion=$...ETH price conversion=$3,000/ETH, Verification Type=Signature (Sig)2025.120.050.022.50.07