ResearchBenchmarksDynamical Systems Prediction on EcosystemDynamical Systems Prediction on EcosystemFollow0.0002RMSE (1-step)Baseline-0.002460.0154950.033450.051405Nov 27, 2025Evaluation resultsMethodMethodLinksRMSE (1-step)RMSE (multi-step)Active Functions CountParameter kBaselineEpochs=15000, Shape=[3...Epochs=15000, Shape=[3, 3, 3, 3], beta=-2025.110.00020.183527405BaselineEpochs=10000, Shape=[3...Epochs=10000, Shape=[3, 3, 3, 3], beta=-2025.110.00030.202827405S2KANEpochs=15000, Shape=[3...Epochs=15000, Shape=[3, 3, 3, 3], beta=0.02025.110.00070.110820352.1S2KANEpochs=10000, Shape=[3...Epochs=10000, Shape=[3, 3, 3, 3], beta=0.12025.110.06670.1641221