Domain Generalization on PACS
99.92AccuracyTask Experts
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Task ExpertsBackbone=ViT-L-142026.03 | 99.92 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ODG-CLIPBackbone Category=CLIP-based2024.03 | 99.83 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Task ExpertsBackbone=ViT-B-322026.03 | 99.81 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SIMPLE+Backbone=ViT-B/16, Venue=ICLR’232025.07 | 99 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MagMaxBackbone=ViT-L-142026.03 | 98.62 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SCOREBackbone=ViT-L-142026.03 | 98.62 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TIESBackbone=ViT-L-142026.03 | 98.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TSVBackbone=ViT-L-142026.03 | 98.56 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PCBBackbone=ViT-L-142026.03 | 98.54 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Task. Arithm.Backbone=ViT-L-142026.03 | 98.53 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Iso-CBackbone=ViT-L-142026.03 | 98.51 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Iso-CTSBackbone=ViT-L-142026.03 | 98.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Text-Anchored Information BottleneckBackbone=CLIP-ViT-B/16, Pre-training=private dataset (400M), Guidance (G)=T2026.07 | 98.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ZeroshotBackbone=ViT-L-142026.03 | 98.39 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| StyLIPBackbone Category=CLIP-based2024.03 | 98.17 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PromptSRCBackbone Category=CLIP-based2024.03 | 98.02 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Ours (PADG)Backbone=ViT-B/162025.07 | 97.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MaPLeBackbone Category=CLIP-based2024.03 | 97.72 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CLIP-DPRBackbone=CLIP-ViT-B/16, Pre-training=private dataset (400M), Guidance (G)=V,T2026.07 | 97.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Ours (DPR)Backbone=ViT-B/16, Venue=CVPR’242025.07 | 97.45 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DPLBackbone=ViT-B/162025.07 | 97.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CLIPoodBackbone=CLIP-ViT-B/16, Pre-training=private dataset (400M), Guidance (G)=V,T2026.07 | 97.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LPBackbone=CLIP-ViT-B/16, Pre-training=private dataset (400M), Guidance (G)=-2026.07 | 97.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CLIPCEILBackbone=CLIP-ViT-B/16, Pre-training=private dataset (400M), Guidance (G)=V,T2026.07 | 97.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CoOpBackbone Category=CLIP-based2024.03 | 97.11 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DUPRGBackbone=ViT-B/16, Venue=ICLR’232025.07 | 97.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CLIP-LoRABackbone=ViT-B/16, Venue=CVPR’242025.07 | 97.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| LASPBackbone Category=CLIP-based2024.03 | 97.02 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPGBackbone=ViT-B/16, Venue=ECCV’242025.07 | 97 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CLIP-DTPBackbone=CLIP-ViT-B/16, Pre-training=private dataset (400M), Guidance (G)=V,T2026.07 | 97 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MetaPromptFew-shot=true, Shots=5, CLIP-based=true2022.12 | 96.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Text-Anchored Information BottleneckBackbone=ResNet-50, Pre-training=ImageNet-1k, Guidance (G)=T2026.07 | 96.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CAR-FTBackbone=CLIP-ViT-B/16, Pre-training=private dataset (400M), Guidance (G)=V,T2026.07 | 96.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CoCoOpFew-shot=true, Shots=5, CLIP-based=true2022.12 | 96.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MetaPromptFew-shot=true, Shots=1, CLIP-based=true2022.12 | 96.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| VL2VBackbone=CLIP-ViT-B/16, Pre-training=private dataset (400M), Guidance (G)=V,T2026.07 | 96.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CoCoOpBackbone Category=CLIP-based2024.03 | 96.54 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MaPLeBackbone=ViT-B/16, Venue=CVPR’232025.07 | 96.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CLIPBackbone=ViT-B/162025.07 | 96.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CoOpBackbone=ViT-B/16, Venue=IJCV’222025.07 | 96.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SEDGEEnsemble=true, CLIP-based=true2022.12 | 96.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CLIP (template)Zero-shot=true, CLIP-based=true2022.12 | 96.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SEDGEBackbone=ViT-B/162025.07 | 96.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CLIP-ZSBackbone=CLIP-ViT-B/16, Pre-training=private dataset (400M), Guidance (G)=-2026.07 | 96.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GESTURBackbone=ViT-B/16, Venue=ICCV’232025.07 | 96 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GESTURBackbone=CLIP-ViT-B/16, Pre-training=private dataset (400M), Guidance (G)=-2026.07 | 96 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TSVBackbone=ViT-B-322026.03 | 95.83 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| EoAEnsemble=true, CLIP-based=true2022.12 | 95.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| TIESBackbone=ViT-B-322026.03 | 95.77 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CLIPZero-shot=true, CLIP-based=true2022.12 | 95.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SCOREBackbone=ViT-B-322026.03 | 95.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| VL2V-SDBackbone=ViT-B/16, Venue=CVPR’242025.07 | 95.67 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MIRO (ViT-B/16)Backbone=ViT-B/16, Venue=ECCV’222025.07 | 95.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MIROBackbone=CLIP-ViT-B/16, Pre-training=private dataset (400M), Guidance (G)=-2026.07 | 95.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MagMaxBackbone=ViT-B-322026.03 | 95.46 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Iso-CBackbone=ViT-B-322026.03 | 95.37 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| PCBBackbone=ViT-B-322026.03 | 95.35 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Iso-CTSBackbone=ViT-B-322026.03 | 95.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| VL2VBackbone=ViT-B/16, Pre-training=ImageNet-1k, Guidance (G)=V,T2026.07 | 94.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CLIPBackbone Category=CLIP-based2024.03 | 94.89 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ZeroshotBackbone=ViT-B-322026.03 | 94.85 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CADGEnsemble status=Non-ensemble2022.03 | 94.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Text-Anchored Information BottleneckBackbone=ViT-B/16, Pre-training=ImageNet-1k, Guidance (G)=T2026.07 | 94.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ERM (ViT-B/16)Backbone=ViT-B/16, Venue=ICLR’212025.07 | 93.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Task. Arithm.Backbone=ViT-B-322026.03 | 93.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RISEBackbone=CLIP-ViT-B/16, Pre-training=private dataset (400M), Guidance (G)=V,T2026.07 | 93.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SMABackbone=ViT-B/16, Venue=NIPS’222025.07 | 92.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SWADBackbone=ViT-B/16, Venue=NIPS’212025.07 | 91.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RISE*Backbone=ViT-B/16, Pre-training=ImageNet-1k, Guidance (G)=V,T2026.07 | 91 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| OracleBackbone=ViT-b162023.06 | 90.23 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RESBackbone=ResNet-50, Venue=ECCV’242025.07 | 90 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SMOSBackbone=ResNet-50, Venue=CVPR’242025.07 | 89.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RISEBackbone=ResNet-50, Pre-training=ImageNet-1k, Guidance (G)=V,T2026.07 | 89.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| INSUREBackbone=ResNet-50, Pre-training=ImageNet-1k, Guidance (G)=-2026.07 | 89.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DandelionNetBackbone Category=CNN2024.03 | 89.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NAC-MEBackbone=ViT-b162023.06 | 88.83 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 45.04 | — | |
| CLIPood*Backbone=ResNet-50, Pre-training=ImageNet-1k, Guidance (G)=T2026.07 | 88.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| EoABackbone Category=CNN2024.03 | 88.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SWAD + POEMSetting=DomainBed settings (reproduced)2023.05 | 88.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| MIRO + SWAD + POEMSetting=DomainBed settings (reproduced)2023.05 | 88.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| FGMix + SWAModel Selection Strategy=training domain validation, Optimizer=SWA, Training Time (ms/iter)=319.82022.09 | 88.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Previous SOTA [31] + SWAD2021.02 | 88.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SWADSetting=DomainBed settings (reproduced)2023.05 | 88.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SWAD2021.02 | 88.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SWADEnsemble=true2022.12 | 88.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SWADSetting=Reported2023.05 | 88.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SWADBackbone Category=CNN2024.03 | 88.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GESTURBackbone=ResNet-50, Pre-training=ImageNet-1k, Guidance (G)=-2026.07 | 88 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DomainDropBackbone=ResNet-50, Venue=ICCV’232025.07 | 87.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RSCbackbone=ResNet502020.07 | 87.83 | 87.89 | 82.16 | 97.92 | 83.35 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ValidationBackbone=ViT-b162023.06 | 87.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 41.38 | — | |
| MIRO + SWADSetting=DomainBed settings (reproduced)2023.05 | 87.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| DSP-Reg2026.01 | 87.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CORAL + SWAModel Selection Strategy=training domain validation, Optimizer=SWA, Training Time (ms/iter)=314.22022.09 | 87.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GGA2026.01 | 87.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GMoE-S/16Backbone=GMoE-S/16, Selection Criterion=leave-one-domain-out2022.06 | 87.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CLIPood*Backbone=ViT-B/16, Pre-training=ImageNet-1k, Guidance (G)=T2026.07 | 87.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| ERM + SWAModel Selection Strategy=training domain validation, Optimizer=SWA, Training Time (ms/iter)=293.12022.09 | 87 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CORAL + GGAGGA=Enabled2025.02 | 86.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SAGM + GGAGGA=Enabled2025.02 | 86.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |