Digital Watermarking on Blender and LLFF (test)
99.67Bit Accuracy (No Attack)BitC-3DGS
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BitC-3DGSDistortion Type=No Distortion, Payload Capacity=32-bit, Sampling Strategy=Random2026.05 | 99.67 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GuardSplatMessage Length=16-bit2024.11 | 99.64 | 99.6 | 94.56 | 98.75 | 99.27 | 98.71 | 97.46 | 94.7 | 82.35 | 93.38 | |
| GuardSplat + SSLMessage Length=16-bit2024.11 | 99.5 | 99.57 | 86.78 | 84.53 | 98.79 | 77.54 | 94.31 | 92.99 | 47.42 | 74.85 | |
| Gaussian MarkerMessage Length=16-bit2024.11 | 99.36 | 99.13 | 70.84 | 97.89 | 94.4 | 98.52 | 95.78 | 86.22 | 52 | 83.49 | |
| GuardSplat + StegaStampMessage Length=16-bit2024.11 | 99 | 98.38 | 53.21 | 95.17 | 98.17 | 51.34 | 95.48 | 88.81 | 80.12 | 64.75 | |
| GaussianMarkerDistortion Type=No Distortion, Payload Capacity=32-bit2026.05 | 98.85 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GuardSplat + HiDDENMessage Length=16-bit2024.11 | 98.75 | 96.63 | 90.02 | 95.93 | 94.87 | 97.25 | 94.97 | 90.04 | 53.14 | 88.7 | |
| GuardSplatDistortion Type=No Distortion, Payload Capacity=32-bit, Sampling Strategy=Random2026.05 | 98.69 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BitC-3DGSDistortion Type=Removing 3D Gaussians (20 %), Payload Capacity=32-bit, Sampling Strategy=Random2026.05 | 97.45 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3D-GSWDistortion Type=No Distortion, Payload Capacity=32-bit2026.05 | 97.37 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GaussianMarkerDistortion Type=Cloning 3D Gaussians (20 %), Payload Capacity=32-bit2026.05 | 97.14 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| RDSplat2025.12 | 97 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3D-GSWDistortion Type=Removing 3D Gaussians (20 %), Payload Capacity=32-bit2026.05 | 96.87 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GaussianMarkerDistortion Type=Removing 3D Gaussians (20 %), Payload Capacity=32-bit2026.05 | 96.81 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BitC-3DGSDistortion Type=Cloning 3D Gaussians (20 %), Payload Capacity=32-bit, Sampling Strategy=Random2026.05 | 96.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3D-GSWDistortion Type=Cloning 3D Gaussians (20 %), Payload Capacity=32-bit2026.05 | 95.99 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GuardSplatDistortion Type=Removing 3D Gaussians (20 %), Payload Capacity=32-bit, Sampling Strategy=Random2026.05 | 95.93 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GaussianMarker2025.12 | 95.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GuardSplat + CINMessage Length=16-bit2024.11 | 95.75 | 94.87 | 90.89 | 94.5 | 95.16 | 93.82 | 93.97 | 88.61 | 49.25 | 84.03 | |
| WateRFMessage Length=16-bit2024.11 | 95.67 | 95.36 | 93.13 | 93.29 | 95.25 | 95.4 | 90.91 | 86.99 | 51.73 | 84.12 | |
| GuardSplatDistortion Type=Cloning 3D Gaussians (20 %), Payload Capacity=32-bit, Sampling Strategy=Random2026.05 | 95.28 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3DGS + WateRFDistortion Type=No Distortion, Payload Capacity=32-bit2026.05 | 93.42 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3DGS + StegaNeRFDistortion Type=No Distortion, Payload Capacity=32-bit2026.05 | 93.15 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3DGS w/ WateRFMessage Length=16-bit2024.11 | 92.89 | 87.35 | 88.28 | 90.33 | 91.92 | 89.07 | 88.71 | 88.49 | 55.48 | 86.37 | |
| GaussianMarkerDistortion Type=Adding Gaussian Noise (σ = 0.1), Payload Capacity=32-bit2026.05 | 92.81 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| BitC-3DGSDistortion Type=Adding Gaussian Noise (σ = 0.1), Payload Capacity=32-bit, Sampling Strategy=Random2026.05 | 92.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| CopyRNeRFMessage Length=16-bit2024.11 | 91.16 | 90.04 | 88.13 | 89.33 | 90.06 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GuardSplatDistortion Type=Adding Gaussian Noise (σ = 0.1), Payload Capacity=32-bit, Sampling Strategy=Random2026.05 | 89.28 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3D-GSWDistortion Type=Adding Gaussian Noise (σ = 0.1), Payload Capacity=32-bit2026.05 | 89.11 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3DGS + WateRFDistortion Type=Cloning 3D Gaussians (20 %), Payload Capacity=32-bit2026.05 | 82.32 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3DGS + WateRFDistortion Type=Removing 3D Gaussians (20 %), Payload Capacity=32-bit2026.05 | 80.58 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3DGS+HiddenFramework=3DGS, Base 2D Method=HiDDeN2025.12 | 78.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3DGS + StegaNeRFDistortion Type=Cloning 3D Gaussians (20 %), Payload Capacity=32-bit2026.05 | 75.56 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3DGS + WateRFDistortion Type=Adding Gaussian Noise (σ = 0.1), Payload Capacity=32-bit2026.05 | 73.85 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| NeRFProtector2025.12 | 67.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3DGS + StegaNeRFDistortion Type=Adding Gaussian Noise (σ = 0.1), Payload Capacity=32-bit2026.05 | 61.82 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3DGS + StegaNeRFDistortion Type=Removing 3D Gaussians (20 %), Payload Capacity=32-bit2026.05 | 60.24 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| GuardSplat2025.12 | 60.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 3DGS+VineFramework=3DGS, Base 2D Method=VINE2025.12 | 45 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |