Data Assimilation on ERA5 SO-10% (4 held-out trajectories from 2016)
0.019Z500 NRMSEForcingDAS-FS
Evaluation results
| Method | Links | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ForcingDAS-FSInference regime=Smoothing, Observation ratio=10%, Clean context frames=6, Noise level (σy)=0.05, Trajectory length=302026.05 | 0.019 | 0.997 | 0 | 0.042 | 0.981 | -0.001 | 0.126 | 0.982 | -0.001 | 0.155 | 0.981 | -0.006 | |
| ForcingDAS-ARInference regime=Filtering, Observation ratio=10%, Clean context frames=6, Noise level (σy)=0.05, Trajectory length=302026.05 | 0.023 | 0.996 | -0.001 | 0.047 | 0.976 | -0.003 | 0.133 | 0.98 | -0.002 | 0.164 | 0.979 | -0.006 | |
| ForcingDAS-PyrInference regime=Fix-lag Smoothing, Observation ratio=10%, Clean context frames=6, Noise level (σy)=0.05, Trajectory length=302026.05 | 0.023 | 0.996 | -0.001 | 0.047 | 0.976 | -0.003 | 0.133 | 0.98 | -0.002 | 0.163 | 0.979 | -0.006 | |
| ForcingDAS-FSAlgorithm Category=Smoothing, Observation Sparsity (SO)=10%, Assimilation Window (K)=30, Context Setting=cold-start2026.05 | 0.024 | 0.996 | 0 | 0.055 | 0.973 | 0.001 | 0.163 | 0.976 | 0.001 | 0.202 | 0.974 | 0.004 | |
| ForcingDAS-ARAlgorithm Category=Filtering, Observation Sparsity (SO)=10%, Assimilation Window (K)=30, Context Setting=cold-start2026.05 | 0.029 | 0.994 | 0.001 | 0.061 | 0.968 | 0.004 | 0.175 | 0.972 | 0.002 | 0.213 | 0.971 | 0.009 | |
| ForcingDAS-PyrAlgorithm Category=Fix-lag Smoothing, Observation Sparsity (SO)=10%, Assimilation Window (K)=30, Context Setting=cold-start2026.05 | 0.03 | 0.994 | 0.001 | 0.062 | 0.967 | 0.003 | 0.175 | 0.972 | 0.001 | 0.214 | 0.971 | 0.008 | |
| FlowDASInference regime=Filtering, Observation ratio=10%, Clean context frames=6, Noise level (σy)=0.05, Trajectory length=302026.05 | 0.031 | 0.992 | -0.007 | 0.062 | 0.957 | -0.007 | 0.175 | 0.966 | -0.016 | 0.213 | 0.964 | -0.022 | |
| TensorVarInference regime=Smoothing, Observation ratio=10%, Clean context frames=6, Noise level (σy)=0.05, Trajectory length=302026.05 | 0.037 | 0.989 | -0.009 | 0.059 | 0.962 | -0.008 | 0.17 | 0.967 | 0 | 0.211 | 0.964 | -0.031 | |
| TensorVarAlgorithm Category=Smoothing, Observation Sparsity (SO)=10%, Assimilation Window (K)=30, Context Setting=cold-start2026.05 | 0.049 | 0.984 | 0.013 | 0.076 | 0.949 | 0.012 | 0.22 | 0.954 | 0 | 0.275 | 0.95 | 0.039 | |
| 3D-VarAlgorithm Category=Filtering, Observation Sparsity (SO)=10%, Assimilation Window (K)=30, Context Setting=cold-start2026.05 | 0.057 | 0.999 | 0 | 0.095 | 0.995 | 0.001 | 0.393 | 0.927 | 0.009 | 0.438 | 0.901 | 0.001 | |
| 3D-VarInference regime=Filtering, Observation ratio=10%, Clean context frames=6, Noise level (σy)=0.05, Trajectory length=302026.05 | 0.059 | 0.971 | 0 | 0.094 | 0.906 | 0 | 0.392 | 0.833 | 0.003 | 0.449 | 0.846 | -0.007 |