ResearchBenchmarksCAPTCHA Solving on Xiaodun VRC Platform (test)CAPTCHA Solving on Xiaodun VRC Platform (test)Follow0.05Mean Response Time (s)Holistic-0.31882.17064.667.1494Jan 10, 2026Evaluation resultsMethodMethodLinksMean Response Time (s)Holistic2026.010.05GraphNet2026.010.2Oedipus2026.013VIPERBackbone=gpt-4oBackbone=gpt-4o2026.014.42VIPERBackbone=grok-2Backbone=grok-22026.016.5Human baseline2026.017.2VIPERBackbone=overallBackbone=overall2026.017.97VIPERBackbone=deepseekBackbone=deepseek2026.018.7VIPERBackbone=kimiBackbone=kimi2026.019.27